En el síndrome de Down, hasta ahora, no se ha reportado su asociación a bloqueo cardiaco congénito, entidad poco frecuente, presentándose únicamente en el 1% de las madres que presentan lupus eritematoso sistémico. La presencia de anticuerpos anti-Ro atraviesan la barrera placentaria presentando lupus neonatal con lesiones dérmicas y bradicardia por bloqueo cardiaco congénito, motivo por el cual describimos el siguiente caso. Se trata de un recién masculino de término, producto de madre joven asintomática, pero con anormalidades serológicas, al nacimiento con estigmas de síndrome de Down y bradicardia congénita, manifestación poco frecuente pero común en hijos de madres con lupus, se inició protocolo de estudio, realizándole exámenes de laboratorio e incluyendo estudios inmunológicos y de gabinete como electrocardiograma y ecocardiograma, lo que dio pauta a tomar estudios inmunológicos a la madre, siendo positivos antiRo. Concluimos que el riesgo de presentar bloqueo cardiaco en un paciente con síndrome de Down es el mismo que para la población general.
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