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Tratamiento farmacológico de la obesidad
Resumen
Más del 70% de la población en México padece sobrepeso u obesidad, que afectan principalmente a personas en edad productiva. La obesidad se asocia con el desarrollo de enfermedades que incrementan el riesgo cardiovascular (diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial o dislipidemia aterogénica), así como a enfermedades que limitan la calidad de vida del paciente (osteoartrosis o apnea del sueño) y al incremento en la incidencia de ciertos tipos de cáncer (mama o colon). Es evidente que la disminución de al menos 5% del peso corporal induce mejoría en todos estos factores; sin embargo, en algunos pacientes es difícil alcanzar esta meta únicamente con modificaciones en el estilo de vida. En esta revisión se analizan algunos medicamentos aprobados para el control de peso por organismos nacionales e internacionales que pueden servir como auxiliares en conjunto con la dieta y el ejercicio. El tratamiento debe ser individualizado y deben evaluarse adecuadamente sus riesgos y beneficios.
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Referencias
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