[Case series of Clostridium difficile NAP1/027/BI with novels treatments]

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2017 Sep-Oct;55(5):654-659.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Background: Clostridium difficile is a spore-forming bacterium, producing exotoxins, causing potentially fatal nosocomial diarrhea. They have recently reported outbreaks of C. difficile ribotype 027, which is characterized by a hypervirulent strain and high resistance to standard therapy.

Clinical case: We present three cases of Clostridium difficile NAP1/027/BI associated infection, they were presented with different clinical manifestations. Two of the patients were successfully treated with the combination of vancomycin plus tigecycline. The other case was treated with fecal microbiota transplant, with resolution of the disease.

Conclusion: in patients with Clostridium difficile NAP1/027/BI associated infection is a good therapeutic option to consider the use of tigecycline in conjunction with vancomycin, as well as fecal microbiota transplantation.

Introducción: Clostridium difficile es una bacteria formadora de esporas, productoras de exotoxinas, causante de diarrea nosocomial potencialmente mortal. En fechas recientes se han reportado brotes de C. difficile ribotipo 027, la cual se caracteriza por ser una cepa hipervirulenta y de gran resistencia al tratamiento habitual.

Caso clínico: presentamos tres casos que fueron diagnosticados con Clostridium difficile cepa NAP1/027/BI, los cuales cursaron con diferentes cuadros clínicos. Dos de los pacientes fueron tratados exitosamente con la combinación de vancomicina más tigeciclina. El otro caso fue tratado con trasplante de microbiota fecal, con resolución de la enfermedad.

Conclusiones: en pacientes con infección asociada a Clostridium difficile cepa NAP1/027/BI, es una buena opción terapéutica el considerar el uso de tigeciclina en conjunto con vancomicina, así como el trasplante de microbiota fecal.

Keywords: Clostridium difficile; Entrocolitis, pseudomembranous; Fecal microbiota transplantation.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Clostridioides difficile / classification*
  • Clostridioides difficile / isolation & purification
  • Clostridium Infections / diagnosis
  • Clostridium Infections / microbiology
  • Clostridium Infections / therapy*
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Fecal Microbiota Transplantation*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Minocycline / analogs & derivatives*
  • Minocycline / therapeutic use
  • Naphthalenes
  • Oligopeptides
  • Ribotyping
  • Tigecycline
  • Vancomycin / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Naphthalenes
  • Oligopeptides
  • nucleic acid probe 1
  • Vancomycin
  • Tigecycline
  • Minocycline