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Diseminación de S. pyogenes al personal y familiares de niños portadores nasofaríngeos de una guardería
Resumen
Objetivo: evaluar prevalencia y diseminación de S. pyogenes en nasofaringe de niños de guardería, personal que los atiende y familiares.
Métodos: encuestas microbiológicas con cultivos de nasofaringe al inicio del estudio, y cuatro y siete meses después (306 cultivos en niños, 73 en el personal). Se tomaron cultivos en familiares directos de los niños con cultivo positivo. La diferenciación genética de las cepas se hizo comparando el patrón de RFLP del regulón Vir.
Resultados: primera encuesta: la prevalencia de S. pyogenes en niños, personal y familiares fue de 10, 0 y 4 %. Tres pares de niños amigos de salones distintos compartieron estreptococos clonas I, II y III; se aisló clona VII de un familiar. Segunda encuesta: prevalencia de 4, 0 y 0 %. Dos amigos de un mismo salón portaban clona I y dos de otra sala, clona V. Tercera encuesta: prevalencia de 2, 4 y 14 %. La hermana (que no asistía a la guardería) de un niño con clona II tuvo la misma clona; en un miembro del personal se aisló clona III.
Conclusiones: el aislamiento simultáneo de clonas idénticas en niños ocurrió en parejas de amigos. Los resultados podrían aplicarse para rápida identificación y manejo de los contactos de casos con infección estreptocócica.
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