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Factores de riesgo asociados a hemorragia de tubo digestivo alto y su mortalidad
Resumen
Objetivo: determinar factores de riesgo asociados a ocurrencia y mortalidad de hemorragia del tubo digestivo alto por úlcera péptica.
Métodos: estudio transversal comparativo de 345 pacientes con úlcera péptica entre 20 y 60 años de edad, asignados a dos grupos: con o sin hemorragia de tubo digestivo alto. La asociación entre factores de riesgo y ocurrencia de hemorragia de tubo digestivo alto y muerte se estimó con un modelo de regresión logística ajustado por edad y sexo.
Resultados: tabaquismo (OR = 2.6, IC 95 % = 1.2-8.7), consumo de alcohol (OR = 4.8, IC 95 % = 1.4-10.5) y antecedente de hemorragia de tubo digestivo alto (OR = 1.8, IC 95 % = 1.1 -9.7) se asociaron a ocurrencia de hemorragia de tubo digestivo alto, y enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (OR = 1.9, IC 95 % = 1.2-11.4) e hipertensión arterial (OR = 1.4, IC 95 % = 1.1- 7.5) a muerte por hemorragia de tubo digestivo alto.
Conclusiones: en pacientes con úlcera péptica menores de 60 años, antecedente de hemorragia de tubo digestivo alto, tabaquismo y consumo de alcohol se asocian a hemorragia de tubo digestivo alto; la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y la hipertensión arterial, a mortalidad.
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