Introducción: la mortalidad en las unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP) es elevada, con escasa información generada en México.
Objetivo: identificar la mortalidad estandarizada (ME) en la UCIP del Hospital del Niño Morelense (HNM).
Material y métodos: se usaron los expedientes electrónicos de enfermos críticos admitidos en la UCIP del HNM durante 2014 (n = 130). Se calculó la ME empleando la mortalidad observada y la probabilidad de muerte mediante PIM2. Se empleó el área bajo la curva ROC (ABC‑ROC) para identificar la capacidad discriminatoria de PIM2, y la prueba de Hosmer‑Lemeshow (HL) para calibrarla. Mediante razón de momios (RM) e intervalo de confianza al 95% (IC 95%) se identificaron los factores de riesgo de mortalidad.
Resultados: no hubo diferencias entre la mortalidad observada y la esperada con PIM2 (17.7%; HL p = 0.17), lo cual generó una ME de 1. El ABC‑ROC de PIM2 fue 0.76 (IC 95% 0.68‑0.83). Los factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad fueron: ingreso por diagnóstico médico (RM 3.22; IC 95% 1.08‑10.76), ausencia de reflejo pupilar (RM 7.36; IC 95% 1.81‑29.68), diagnóstico de alto riesgo según PIM2 (RM 3.85; IC 95% 1.16‑12.03) y proceder de Urgencias fue limítrofe (RM 2.80; IC 95% 0.98‑8.69; chi cuadrada p = 0.03).
Conclusiones: la mortalidad observada en la UCIP del HNM durante 2014 fue elevada, pero igual que la predicha por la escala PIM2, con ME de 1. La escala PIM2 es una escala internacional validada que es útil para predecir la posibilidad de muerte en las UCIP.
Background: Mortality in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) is elevated, with limited information generated from Mexico.
Objective: To identify the standardized mortality (SM) at the Hospital del Niño Morelense’s (HNM) (Child from Morelos’ Hospital) PICU.
Material and methods: Electronic records of seriously ill patients admitted at the HNM’s PICU during 2014 (n = 130) were used. SM was calculated using the observed mortality and the probability of death by PIM2. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was used to identify the discriminatory capacity of PIM2, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow (HL) test to calibrate it. By using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), risk factors of mortality were identified.
Results: There were no differences between observed mortality and expected mortality with PIM2 (17.7%; HL p = 0.17), resulting in a SM of 1. The AUC of PIM2 was 0.76 (95% CI, 0.68-0.83). Risk factors associated to mortality were: admission due to medical diagnosis (OR 3.22; 95% CI, 1.08-10.76), absence of pupillary light reflex (OR 7.36; 95% CI, 1.81-29.68), high risk diagnosis according to PIM2 (OR 3.85; 95% CI, 1.16-12.03), and coming from the Emergency Room showed a borderline result (OR 2.80; 95% CI, 0.98-8.69; chi-squared, p = 0.04).
Conclusions: Mortality observed in the HNM’s PICU during 2014 was elevated, but similar to predicted mortality by PIM2 score, with a SM of 1. PIM2 is a validated score used all over the world, which is useful to predict the expected mortality in PICUs.
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