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Factores asociados al retardo en el crecimiento intrauterino en neonatos
Resumen
Objetivo: identificar factores implicados en el retado del crecimiento intrauterino (RCIU) en una institución de seguridad social.
Material y métodos: diseño de casos y controles en 376 neonatos, 188 con RCIU (peso < 10 al percentil) y 188 sin RCIU. Al nacer se obtuvo información en las madres acerca de 30 variables de riesgo para RCIU. Los datos se manejaron mediante análisis de riesgo y regresión logística “paso a paso”.
Resultados: en doce de las 30 investigadas la RM fue significativa. El modelo, obtenido por regresión, identificó seis variables: aumento de peso en el embarazo, asistencia a control prenatal, toxemia, ingestión de chocolate, peso del padre y condiciones de la vivienda; la bondad de ajuste del modelo fue de 0.88.
Conclusiones: la exposición a las variables del modelo traduce un contexto de carencias socioeconómicas que pueden predecir el riesgo de RCIU en la población asistida.
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