Envíe este artículo por correo electrónico (Inicie sesión)
Enviar un correo electrónico al autor/a (Inicie sesión) Open Journal Systems
Biomarcadores en enfermedad renal crónica
Resumen
La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) es un importante problema de salud pública. La clasificación de la ERC por KDOQI y KDIGO, y los informes rutinarios de la estimación de la tasa de filtración glomerular (eTFG), han dado lugar a una mayor frecuencia en el diagnóstico de ERC. Es importante la identificación de los pacientes con ERC y alto riesgo de progresión de la enfermedad y del desarrollo de enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV).
En la práctica clínica, la proteinuria es el marcador más sensible de la progresión de la ERC, especialmente cuando se combina con eTFG, pero, aun con ello, tienen limitaciones. Por lo tanto, se requiere del uso de otros biomarcadores tempranos y sensibles. Actualmente se tienen identificados biomarcadores prometedores para la detección de la progresión de la ERC y de su morbilidad y mortalidad por ECV asociada. Estos son biomarcadores sensibles de la función renal, de los procesos fisiopatológicos subyacentes y/o del riesgo cardiovascular.
Palabras clave
Referencias
Roos JF, Doust J, Tett SE, Kirkpatrick CM. Diagnostic accuracy of cystatin C compared to serum creatinine for the estimation of renal dysfunction in adults and children-A meta-analysis. Clin Biochem. 2007;40(5-6):383-91.
Filler G, Bökenkamp A, Hofmann W, Le Bricon T, Martínez-Brú C, Grubb A. Cystatin C as a marker of GFR--history, indications, and future research. Clin Biochem. 2005;38(1):1-8.
Laterza OF, Price CP, Scott MG. Cystatin C: an improved estimator of glomerular filtration rate?. Clin Chem. 2002;48(5):699-707.
Grubb AO. Cystatin C-properties and use as diagnostic marker. Adv Clin Chem. 2000;35:63-99.
Dharnidharka VR, Kwon C, Stevens G. Serum cystatin C is superior to serum creatinine as a marker of kidney function: a meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;40(2):221-6.
Séronie-Vivien S, Delanaye P, Piéroni L, Mariat C, Froissart M, Cristol JP et al. Cystatin C: current position and future prospects. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2008;46(12):1664-86.
Westhuyzen J. Cystatin C: a promising marker and predictor of impaired renal function. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2006;36(4):387-94.
Shlipak MG, Katz R, Sarnak MJ, Fried LF, Newman AB, Stehman-Breen C et al. Cystatin C and prognosis for cardiovascular and kidney outcomes in elderly persons without chronic kidney disease. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(4):237-46.
Lopez-Giacoman S, Madero M. Biomarkers in chronic kidney disease, from kidney function to kidney damage. World J Nephrol. 2015;4(1):57-73.
Hoek FJ, Korevaar JC, Friedo W, Dekker FW, Boeschoten EW, Raymond T et al. Estimation of residual glomerular filtration rate in dialysis patients from the plasma cystatin C level. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007;22(6):1633-38.
Fassett RG, Venuthurupalli SK, Gobe GC, Coombes JS, Cooper MA, Hoy WE. Biomarkers in chronic kidney disease: a review. Kidney Int. 2011;80(8):806-21.
Fried LF, Lewis J. Albuminuria is not an appropriate therapeutic target in patients with CKD: The Con View. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015;10(6):1089-93.
Lambers Heerspink HJ, Gansevoort T. Albuminuria Is an Appropriate Therapeutic Target in Patients with CKD: The Pro View. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015;10(6):1079-88.
Abbate M, Zoja C, Remuzzi G. How does proteinuria cause progressive renal damage? J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;17(11):2974-84.
Pepys MG, Hirschfield GM. C-reactive protein: a critical update. J Clin Invest. 2003;111(12):1805-12.
Black S, Kushner I, Samols D. C-reactive protein. J Biol Chem. 2004; 279:48487-490.
Jialal I, Devaraj S, Venugopal SK. C-reactive protein: risk marker or mediator in atherothrombosis? Hypertension. 2004;44(1):6-11.
D’Marco L, Bellasi A, Raggi P. Cardiovascular biomarkers in chronic kidney disease: state of current research and clinical applicability. Dis Markers. 2015;2015:586569.
Stuveling EM, Hillege HL, Bakker SJ, Gans RO, De Jong PE, De Zeeuw D. C-reactive protein is associated with renal function abnormalities in a non-diabetic population. Kidney Int. 2003;63(2):654-61.
Suliman ME, Stenvinkel P. Contribution of inflammation to vascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2008;19(3):329-45.
Stenvinkel P. Inflammation in end-stage renal disease: The hidden enemy. Nephrology. 2006;11(1):36-41.
Wang AY, Lai KN. Use of cardiac biomarkers in end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;19(9):1643-52.
Zocalli C, Mallamaci F, Benedetto FA, Tripedi G, Parlongo S, Cataliotti A et al. Cardiac natriuretic peptides are related to left ventricular mass and function and predict mortality in dialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2001;12(7):1508-15.
Foley RN, Parfrey PS, Sarnak MJ. Clinical epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in chronic renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 1998;32(5 Suppl 3):S112-9.
Volpe M. Natriuretic peptides and cardio-renal disease. Int J Cardiol. 2014;176(3):630-9.
Devarajan P. The use of targeted biomarkers for chronic kidney disease. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2010;17(6):469-79.
McCullough PA, Sandberg KR. B-type natriuretic peptide and renal disease. Heart Fail Rev. 2003;8(4):355-8.
Cataliotti A, Malatino LS, Jougasaki M, Zoccali C, Castellino P, Giacone G et al. Circulating natriuretic peptide concentrations in patients with end-stage renal disease: role of brain natriuretic peptide as a biomarker for ventricular remodeling. Mayo Clin Proc. 2001;76(11):1111-9.
Wallén T, Landahl S, Hedner T, Nakao K, Saito Y. Brain natriuretic peptide predicts mortality in the elderly. Heart. 1997;77(3):264-7.
Van Riemsdijk-van Overbeeke IC, Baan CC, Hesse CJ, Loonen EH, Niesters HG et al. TNF-alpha: mRNA, plasma protein levels and soluble receptors in patients on chronic hemodialysis, on CAPD and with end-stage renal failure. Clin Nephrol. 2000;53(2):115-23.
Dinarello CA. Cytokines: agents provocateurs in hemodialysis? Kidney Int. 1992;41(3):683-94.
Deenitchina SS, Ando T, Okuda S, Kinukawa N, Hirakata H, Nagashima A et al. Am J Nephrol. 1995;15(1):57-65.
Al-Lamki RS, Mayadas TN. TNF receptors: signaling pathways and contribution to renal dysfunction. Kidney Int. 2015;87(2):281-96.
Ernandez T, Mayadas TN. Immunoregulatory role of TNF-alpha in inflammatory kidney diseases. Kidney Int. 2009;76(3):262-76.
Hojs R, Ekart R, Bevc S, Hojs N. Biomarkers of Renal Disease and Progression in Patients with Diabetes. J Clin Med. 2015;4(5):1010-24.
Ramseyer VD, Garvin JL. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha: regulation of renal function and blood pressure. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2013;304(10):F1231-42.
Stenvinkel P, Ketteler M, Johnson RJ, Lindholm B, Pecoits-Filho R, Riella M et al. IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-alpha: central factors in the altered cytokine network of uremia-the good, the bad, and the ugly. Kidney Int. 2005;67(4):1216-33.
Stenvinkel P, Barany P, Heimbürger O, Pecoits-Filho R, Lindholm B. Mortality, malnutrition, and atherosclerosis in ESRD: what is the role of interleukin-6? Kidney Int Suppl. 2002;(80):103-8.
Scheller J, Chalaris A, Schmidt-Arras D, Rose-John S. The pro- and anti-inflammatory properties of the cytokine interleukin-6. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011;1813(5):878-88.
Xing Z, Gauldie J, Cox G, Baumann H, Jordana M, Lei XF, Achong MK. IL-6 is an antiinflammatory cytokine required for controlling local or systemic acute inflammatory responses. J Clin Inves. 1998;101(2):311-20.
Hoene M, Weigert C. The role of interleukin-6 in insulin resistance, body fat distribution and energy balance. Obes Rev. 2008;9(1):20-9.
Herbelin A, Ureña P, Nguyen AT, Zingraff J, Descamps-Latscha B. Elevated circulating levels of interleukin-6 in patients with chronic renal failure. Kidney Int. 1991;39(5):954-60.
Zhang W, He J, Zhang F, Huang C, Wu Y, Han Y et al. Prognostic role of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 in dialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Nephrol. 2013;26(2):243-53.
Bozbas H, Yildirir A, Muderrisoglu H. Cardiac enzymes, renal failure and renal transplantation. Clin Med Res. 2006; z4(1):79-84.
Freda BJ, Tang WH, Van Lente F, Peacock WF, Francis GS. Cardiac troponins in renal insufficiency: review and clinical implications. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;40(12):2065-71.
Jeremias A, Gibson CM. Narrative review: alternative causes for elevated cardiac troponin levels when acute coronary syndromes are excluded. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142(9):786-91.
Abbas NA, John RI, Webb MC, Kempson ME, Potter AN, Price CP et al. Cardiac troponins and renal function in nondialysis patients with chronic kidney disease. Clin Chem. 2005;51(11):2059-66.
Colbert G, Jain N, de Lemos JA, Hedayati SS. Utility of traditional circulating and imaging-based cardiac biomarkers in patients with predialysis CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015;10(3):515-29.
Abaci A, Ekici E, Oguzhan A, Tokgoz B, Utas C. Cardiac troponins T and I in patients with end-stage renal disease: the relation with left ventricular mass and their prognostic value. Clin Cardiol. 2004;27(12):704-9.
Kanderian AS, Francis GS. Cardiac troponins and chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2006;69(7):1112-4.
Caidahl K, Ueland T, Aukrust P. Osteoprotegerin: a biomarker with many faces. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2010;30(9):1684-6.
Matsubara K, Stenvinkel P, Qureshi AR, Carrero JJ, Axelsson J, Heimbürger O et al. Inflammation modifies the association of osteoprotegerin with mortality in chronic kidney disease. J Nephrol. 2009; 22(6):774-82.
Lewis JR, Lim WH, Ueland T, Wong G, Zhu K, Lim EM et al. Elevated circulating osteoprotegerin and renal dysfunction predict 15-year cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: A prospective study of elderly women. PLoS One. 2015;10(7):e0134266.
Svensson M, Dahle DO, Mjøen G, Weihrauch G, Scharnagl H, Dobnig H et al. Osteoprotegerin as a predictor of renal and cardiovascular outcomes in renal transplant recipients: follow-up data from the ALERT study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2012;27(6):2571-5.
Enlaces refback
- No hay ningún enlace refback.