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Factores de riesgo y de estilo de vida asociados a enfermedad renal crónica / Risk and lifestyle factors associated to chronic kidney disease
Resumen
Resumen
El estilo de vida tiene una influencia determinante en el avance de la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC), la cual inicia con algún daño renal que puede permanecer y progresar por la acción de factores de riesgo, además de que pueden agregarse lesiones renales a lo largo de la vida. Es más común en personas adultas y frecuentemente permanece oculta a los análisis habituales, pero si logra detectarse de manera temprana puede atenderse con el fin de aplicar estilos de vida saludables que permitan detener o alargar el avance del daño renal, para evitar o retardar la necesidad de diálisis o de trasplante. El objetivo de este trabajo es dar a conocer los posibles estilos de vida que se deben implementar, como las visitas al médico, no fumar, tener actividad de intensa a moderada, consumir suficientes vegetales y frutas, y evitar dietas altas en hidratos de carbono y lípidos. Para llevar a cabo la revisión se obtuvo literatura de bases de datos entre 1980 y 2017, de libre acceso, utilizando las palabras clave en inglés “chronic kidney disease (CKD)”, “lifestyle” y “risk factors”, y sus equivalentes en español.
Abstract
Lifestyle has a determining influence on the progression of a chronic kidney disease (CKD), which starts with some kidney damage, that can remain and progress by the influence of risk factors and accumulate subsequent injury of kidney damage throughout life. It is more common in adults and frequently remains hidden from routine analysis, but if it can be detected early, treatment and healthy lifestyle can be applied, which would allow stopping or lengthening the progress of kidney damage, in order to avoid the need of a renal transplant or dialysis. The objective of this work was to show the possible lifestyles to apply, such as visits to the doctor, not smoking, have intense to moderate physical activity, consume enough vegetables and fruits, avoid diets high in carbohydrates and lipids. To carry out this review, it was obtained literature from databases between 1980 and 2017, freely accessible, using keywords like “chronic kidney disease (CKD)”, “lifestyle” and “risk factors”, and its equivalents in Spanish.
Palabras clave
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24875/RMIMSS.M20000035
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