[Chronic low back pain and associated risk factors, in patients with social security medical attention: A case-control study]

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2016 Jul-Aug;54(4):421-8.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is frequently seen in the orthopedic outpatient consultation. The aim of this paper is to identify risk factors associated with CLBP in patients cared for during the year 2012, at a General Hospital belonging to Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, in Yucatán, Mexico.

Methods: Data of 95 patients with CLBP (cases) was compared with data of 190 patients without CLBP (controls) using a binary logistic model (BLM), from which odd ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were obtained.

Results: School level, body mass index (BMI) as a continuous variable, story of heavy weight lifting, some types of comorbidities and dyslipidemia, were identified as statistically significant in the bivariate analysis (p ≤ 0.05 each). In a second step, secondary school level (OR 0.25, 95 % CI: 0.08-0.81), dyslipidemia (OR 0.26, 95 % CI: 0.12-0.56), heavy weights lifting (OR 0.22, 95 % CI: 0.12-0.42), and BMI (OR 1.22, 95 % CI: 1.12-1.32) were all identified by the BLM as statistically significant.

Conclusions: In this sample, secondary school level, dislipidemia and heavy weights lifting reduced the risk of CLBP, while the BMI increased the risk.

Introducción: la lumbalgia crónica (LC) es un padecimiento frecuente en el ámbito de la Ortopedia. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a LC en pacientes atendidos durante 2012, en un Hospital General del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, en Yucatán, México. Métodos: se identificaron de la consulta externa de Ortopedia 95 casos y 190 controles, comparando entre grupos diversos datos demográficos y clínicos mediante modelo de regresión logístico (ML) binario del que se obtuvieron las razones de momios (RM) y los intervalos de confianza de 95 % (IC 95 %). Resultados: fueron incluidos en el ML la escolaridad, el índice de masa corporal (IMC, como variable continua), la manipulación de objetos pesados, la presencia de comorbilidad y de dislipidemia, siendo identificados como estadísticamente significativas: el nivel secundaria de la escolaridad (RM 0.25, IC 95 %: 0.08 a 0.81), la dislipidemia (RM 0.26, IC 95 %: 0.12 a 0.56), la manipulación de objetos pesados (RM 0.22, IC 95 %: 0.12 a 0.42) y el IMC (RM 1.22, IC 95 %: 1.12 a 1.32). Conclusiones: la escolaridad secundaria, la ausencia de dislipidemia y no manipular objetos pesados redujeron el riesgo de LC, mientras que la obesidad lo incrementó.

Keywords: Back pain; Body mass index; Dyslipidemias; Low back pain.

MeSH terms

  • Academies and Institutes
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Chronic Pain / diagnosis
  • Chronic Pain / etiology*
  • Female
  • Hospitals, General
  • Hospitals, Public
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Low Back Pain / diagnosis
  • Low Back Pain / etiology*
  • Male
  • Mexico
  • Middle Aged
  • Risk Factors
  • Social Security