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Cáncer de mama, el riesgo atribuible a diabetes tipo 2 / Breast cancer, the risk attributable to type 2 diabetes

Blanca Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt, Margot González-León, Nayelli Nájera, Guillermo Ceballos, Oscar Ovalle, Joa Carlos Brayan López-Reyna, Elizabeth Cristina Nuñez-Torrez

Resumen


Resumen

Introducción: diversas investigaciones han evaluado el riesgo de cáncer de mama (CaMa) asociado a diabetes tipo 2 (DT2) con resultados inconsistentes. Pocas investigaciones han evaluado el porcentaje de riesgo atribuible a la población (PAR%).

Objetivo: estimar la asociación y el PAR% para CaMa por DT2, así como los factores del estilo de vida y ginecológicos en mujeres de la Ciudad de México.

Métodos: estudio de casos y controles, realizado de mayo a diciembre de 2020. Se incluyeron mujeres > 40 años, de la Ciudad de México, con diagnóstico confirmado de CaMa. Los controles fueron mujeres con una mastografía BIRADS 1 o 2, o ultrasonido mamario sin datos sugestivos de CaMa.

Resultados: se incluyeron en total 134 casos y 134 controles. Se identificó un mayor riesgo de CaMa en aquellas mujeres que no realizan actividad física y con el uso de anticonceptivos > 5 años. El uso de terapia de reemplazo hormonal (TRH) se asoció con una razón de momios ajustada (RMa) de 5.0, p = 0.22 en el modelo 1. Conforme se ajustan los modelos, la TRH para el modelo 2 tuvo una RMa de 2.92, p = 0.492 y en el modelo 3 una RMa de 3.6 p = 0.753. La presencia de diabetes se asoció a una RMa de 1.04, p = 0.96 en el modelo 1; RMa de 0.65, p = 0.65 en el modelo 2 y una RMa de 0.75, p = 0.79 en el modelo 3.

Conclusiones: en este estudio de casos y controles no se encontró asociación entre el diagnóstico de DT2 y CaMa.

 

Abstract

Background: Several studies have evaluated the association between a history of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and risk of breast cancer (BC), with controversial results. However, information regarding the population-attributable risk percent (PAR%) remains scarce.

Objective: To estimate the association and the PAR% for BC and T2D, lifestyle and gynecologic factors in women in Mexico City.

Methods: This case-control study was performed from maydecember 2020. Women > 40 years of age, from Mexico City, with a confirmed diagnosis for BC were included as cases. Controls were women with a BIRADS 1 or 2 mammography or an ultrasound clear of any BC suggestive findings.

Results: A total of 134 cases and 134 controls were included. A higher risk for BC was identified among women who did not perform routine physical activity and those who had a history of hormonal contraceptive use > 5 years. The use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 5.0 (p = 0.22) in the first model. After adjustment, HRT was associated with an OR of 2.92 (p = 0.492) in the second and an OR of 3.6 (p = 0.753) in the third model. T2D was associated with an OR of 1.04 (p = 0.96) in the first model; an OR of 0.65 (p = 0.65) in the second model and an OR of RMa 0.75 (p = 0.79) for the third model.

Conclusion: In this case-control study, there was no significant association identified between a T2D diagnosis and BC.

 


Palabras clave


Neoplasias de la Mama; Diabetes Mellitus; Riesgo Atribuible a la Población / Breast Neoplasms; Diabetes Mellitus; Population Attributable Risk

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Referencias


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