Resumen
Considerando que las huellas dactilares son impresiones de las crestas epidérmicas de los dedos con un patrón único, irrepetible y permanente, estas son la base del método biométrico más empleado en la actualidad. Entre sus diversos usos destaca la identificación para múltiples actividades como acceder al trabajo o a teléfonos celulares, la operación de cuentas bancarias, las investigaciones criminales, etcétera.
La ausencia o deterioro de las crestas epidérmicas, denominada adermatoglifia, impide la identificación por biometría dactilar. La adermatoglifia se origina por múltiples causas, incluyendo las enfermedades dermatológicas, lesiones traumáticas de los dedos, denervación, envejecimiento, quimioterapia, entre otras.
Abordamos brevemente el origen, usos y sistemas para el registro de las huellas dactilares. El objetivo principal es enfatizar la existencia de personas con incapacidad para registrar sus huellas, una condición relevante por el riesgo potencial de discriminación, especialmente cuando el registro de las huellas es obligatorio.
Abstract
Considering that fingerprints are impressions of the epidermal ridges of the fingers with a unique, unrepeatable, and permanent pattern, they are the basis of the biometric identification method most used today. Among its various uses stand out identification for multiple activities such as authentication to access work and cell phones, operation of bank accounts, criminal investigations, etc. The absence or deterioration of the epidermal ridges, called adermatoglyphia, prevents identification by finger biometrics. Adermatoglyphia originates from multiple causes, including several skin diseases, traumatic injuries of the fingers, denervation, aging, chemotherapy, among others. The origin, uses, and systems for fingerprints verification are briefly addressed here. The main objective is to emphasize the existence of people with fingerprint verification failure, a relevant condition due to the potential risk of discrimination, especially when fingerprint verification is mandatory.
Ramam M, Krishna SG. A novel cause of economic loss due to hand dermatitis. Arch Dermatol. 2011;147(6):753. doi: 10.1001/archdermatol.2011.160.
Bhat GM, Mukhdoomi MA, Shah BA, Ittoo MS. Dermatoglyphics: in health and disease - a review. Int J Res Med Sci. 2014;2(1):31- 7. doi: 10.5455/2320-6012.ijrms20140207.
Drahansky M, Dolezel M, Urbanek J, Brezinova E, Kim TH. Influence of skin diseases on fingerprint recognition. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2012;2012:626148. doi: 10.1155/2012/626148.
Chavarri-Guerra Y, Soto-Perez-de-Celis E. Images in clinical medicine. Loss of fingerprints. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(16):e22. doi: 10.1056/NEJMicm1409635.
Sarfraz N. Adermatoglyphia: barriers to biometric identification and the need for a standardized alternative. Cureus. 2019;11(2):e4040. doi: 10.7759/cureus.4040.
Lee CK, Chang CC, Johar A, Puwira O, Roshidah B. Fingerprint changes and verification failure among patients with hand dermatitis. JAMA Dermatol. 2013;149(3):295-9. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.1425.
Mazza C, Slimano F, Visseaux L, Ordan MA, Botsen D, Grange F, et al. Capecitabine and adermatoglyphia: trouble in border! J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2017;31(6):e283-e284. doi: 10.1111/jdv.14045.
Freinkel RK, Woodley DT. The Biology of the Skin. First edition. New York, USA: Parthenon Publishing; 2001.
Hicklin RA. Anatomy of friction ridge skin. En: Stan Z Li, Anil Jain, editors. Encyclopedia of Biometrics. Boston, USA: Springer; 2009. p. 2.
Miller JR. Dermatoglyphics. J Invest Dermatol. 1973 Jun;60 (6):435-42. doi: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12702906.
Qudsia H, Ghulam MY, Muhammad I, Muddasar HA, Saima I. Comparative study of dermatoglyphics among the students of Ziauddin University. Med Forum Mon. 2011;22(12):11-4.
Sergeant A, McPhee N, Holme SA. Acquired loss of fingerprints: do topical corticosteroids play an aetiological role? Clin Exp Dermatol. 2012;37(6):679-80. doi: 10.1111/ j.1365-2230.2011.04307.x.
Raser JM, O›Shea EK. Noise in gene expression: origins, consequences, and control. Science. 2005;309(5743):2010- 3. doi: 10.1126/science.1105891.
Burger B, Fuchs D, Sprecher E, Itin P. The immigration delay disease: adermatoglyphia-inherited absence of epidermal ridges. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011;64(5):974-80. doi: 10.1016/ j.jaad.2009.11.013.
Sharma A, Sood V, Singh P, Sharma A. Dermatoglyphics: A review on fingerprints and their changing trends of use. CHRISMED J Health Res. 2018;5(3):167-72. doi: 10.4103/ cjhr.cjhr_112_17.
Verbov J. Clinical significance and genetics of epidermal ridges--a review of dermatoglyphics. J Invest Dermatol. 1970; 54(4):261-71. doi: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12258550.
Asen D. Secrets in fingerprints: clinical ambitions and uncertainty in dermatoglyphics. CMAJ. 2018;190(19):E597-9. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.180057.
Lian J, Meng F, Wang W, Zhang Z. Recent trends in fluorescent organic materials for latent fingerprint imaging. Front Chem. 2020;8:594864. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2020.594864.
Shabashini A, Panja SK, Nandi GC. Applications of carbon dots (CDs) in latent fingerprints imaging. Chem Asian J. 2021; 16(9):1057-72. doi: 10.1002/asia.202100119.
Prasad V, Lukose S, Agarwal P, Prasad L. Role of nanomaterials for forensic investigation and latent fingerprinting-a review. J Forensic Sci. 2020;65(1):26-36. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.14172.
Johnson BT, Riemen JAJM. Digital capture of fingerprints in a disaster victim identification setting: a review and case study. Forensic Sci Res. 2018;4(4):293-302. doi: 10.1080/ 20961790.2018.1521327.
Al-Ahwal MS. Chemotherapy and fingerprint loss: beyond cosmetic. Oncologist. 2012;17(2):291-3. doi: 10.1634/ theoncologist.2011-0243.
Regulación para prevenir el robo de identidad en el sector bancario. México: Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores. Disponible en: https://www.gob.mx/cnbv/articulos/ regulacion-para-prevenir-el-robo-de-identidad-en-el-sector-bancario?idiom=es.
Thakkar D. Fingerprint reader technology comparison: optical fingerprint scanner; capacitive-based fingerprint reader and multispectral imaging sensor. Bayometric. Disponible en: https://www.bayometric.com/fingerprint -reader-technology-comparison/
Agaiby R. A beginner’s guide to fingerprint sensors. FlexEnable. 2017. Disponible en: https://www.flexenable. com/blog/a-beginners-guide-to-fingerprint-sensors/
Haber R, Helou J, Korkomaz J, Habre M, Ghanem A, Tomb R. Absence of fingertips with focus on dermatological etiologies: national survey and review. J Clin Dermatol. 2015; 3(1):21–6. Disponible en: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/ 281274814.
David TJ, Ajdukiewicz AB, Read AE. Fingerprint changes in coeliac disease. Br Med J. 1970;4(5735):594-6. doi: 10.1136/ bmj.4.5735.594.
van Doorn L, Veelenturf S, Binkhorst L, Bins S, Mathijssen R. Capecitabine and the risk of fingerprint loss. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3(1):122-123. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.2638.
Hartung B, Thiel W, Ritz-Timme S, Häussinger D, Erhardt A. Hand-foot syndrome induced changes of the palmar epidermal ridge configurations during and after treatment with capecitabine. Leg Med (Tokyo). 2020;45:101710. doi: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2020.101710.
Nousbeck J, Burger B, Fuchs-Telem D, Pavlovsky M, Fenig S, Sarig O, et al. A mutation in a skin-specific isoform of SMARCAD1 causes autosomal-dominant adermatoglyphia. Am J Hum Genet. 2011;89(2):302-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011. 07.004.
Bramon E, Walshe M, McDonald C, Martín B, Toulopoulou T, Wickham H, et al. Dermatoglyphics and Schizophrenia: a meta-analysis and investigation of the impact of obstetric complications upon a-b ridge count. Schizophr Res. 2005;75 (2-3):399-404. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2004.08.022.
Penrose LS. Dermatoglyphics in trisomy 17 or 18. J Ment Defic Res. 1969;13(1):44-59. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.1969. tb01065.x.
Kanchan T, Krishan K. Loss of fingerprints: forensic implications. Egypt J Forensic Sci. 2018;8:19. doi: 10.1186/ s41935-018-0051-0.
Iula A. Ultrasound Systems for Biometric Recognition. Sensors (Basel). 2019;19(10):2317. doi: 10.3390/s19102317.
Kavanagh MM, Baral SD, Milanga M, Sugarman J. Biometrics and public health surveillance in criminalised and key populations: policy, ethics, and human rights considerations. Lancet HIV. 2019;6(1):E51-9. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(18) 30243-1.