[Factors associated with physical activity and body mass index among schoolchildren from Arandas, Jalisco, Mexico]

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2017 Jul-Aug;55(4):472-480.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Background: In 2015, Mexico was the top country for childhood obesity. The objective was to identify the association between physical activity and sedentary lifestyle with the social and demographic characteristics of families of schoolchildren in Arandas, Jalisco, Mexico.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 192 schoolchildren were randomly selected. Body mass index (BMI), active and sedentary behaviors, and socio-demographic characteristics of families were obtained. Logistic regression models with the included variables were constructed.

Results: Males living in not-crowding houses [OR 6.12 (2.17-17.25), p = 0.001], whose mothers were housewives [OR 2.44 (1.00, 5.94), p = 0.05], practiced more physical activity. Active transport to school was more common in schoolchildren whose fathers had lower income [OR 3.13 (1.27, 7.7), p = 0.013] and employment as peasant or mason [OR 5.12 (1.13, 23.3), p = 0.034]. Schoolchildren of nuclear families spent more hours watching television [OR 2.69 (1.10, 6.58), p = 0.03]. The frequency of outdoor playing was higher in males whose fathers had unstable employment [OR 2.93 (1.06, 8.1), p = 0.038] and low education [OR 2.94 (0.96, 8.98), p = 0.059].

Conclusion: Families with lower socioeconomic strata (less educated parents, unstable employment and family overcrowding) are more associated with active activities that do not require active economic spending.

Introducción: en 2015, México ocupaba el primer lugar mundial en obesidad infantil. El objetivo fue identificar la asociación entre conductas activas y sedentarias con características sociodemográficas de la familia en escolares de Arandas, Jalisco, México. Métodos: en estudio transversal se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 192 escolares. Se obtuvieron el índice de masa corporal (IMC), las conductas activas y sedentarias, y las características sociodemográficas de las familias. Se construyeron modelos de regresión logística con las variables incluidas. Resultados: los varones en condiciones de no hacinamiento (razón de momios [RM] 6.12, intervalo de confianza al 95% [IC 95%] 2.17-17.25, p = 0.001) cuyas madres se dedicaban al hogar (RM 2.44, IC 95% 1.00-5.94, p = 0.05) refirieron que practicaban actividad física con más frecuencia. El transporte activo hacia la escuela fue más común en hijos de padres con menor ingreso económico (RM 3.13, IC 95% 1.27-7.7, p = 0.013) y con empleo de albañil o campesino (RM 5.12, IC 95% 1.13-23.3, p = 0.034). Los escolares provenientes de familias nucleares pasaron más horas frente al televisor (RM 2.69, IC 95% 1.10-6.58, p = 0.03). La frecuencia de juegos en la calle fue significativamente mayor en varones cuyos papás tuvieron un empleo inestable (RM 2.93, IC 95% 1.06-8.1, p = 0.038) y baja escolaridad (RM 2.94, IC 95 % 0.96-8.98, p = 0.059). Conclusión: las familias con estrato socioeconómico más bajo se asociaron con mayor frecuencia a actividades activas que no requieren un gasto económico.

Keywords: Exercise; Mexico; Preschool child; Primary education; Sedentary lifestyle; Students.

MeSH terms

  • Body Mass Index*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Exercise*
  • Female
  • Health Surveys
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Mexico
  • Pediatric Obesity / diagnosis
  • Pediatric Obesity / etiology*
  • Risk Factors
  • Sedentary Behavior*
  • Socioeconomic Factors