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Citocinas proinflamatorias en el síndrome de ovario poliquístico / Proinflammatory cytokines in polycystic ovarian syndrome
Resumen
Resumen
Diferentes citocinas proinflamatorias producidas durante la foliculogénesis, tienen un rol fisiológico en el debilitamiento de la pared del folículo y la eventual ruptura en la ovulación. La inflamación crónica está relacionada de forma muy cercana con disfunción endotelial, enfermedad cardiovascular, enfermedad arterial coronaria y con el síndrome de ovario poliquístico. El síndrome de ovario poliquístico se caracteriza por un exceso de andrógenos y disfunción ovárica. Evidencia emergente sugiere que los efectos metabólicos a largo plazo y las complicaciones cardiovasculares observadas en este síndrome pueden estar relacionadas a la presencia de un estado inflamatorio crónico leve. Es poco claro si el exceso de andrógenos promueve un estado inflamatorio o contrariamente, si las moléculas inflamatorias estimulan la producción de andrógenos. La detección temprana de los factores de riesgo ayudará en la prevención y el control de las enfermedades cardiovasculares, dado que las alteraciones metabólicas asociadas con este síndrome pueden predisponer a peores resultados de salud cardiovascular.
Abstract
During folliculogenesis, different proinflammatory cytokines have a physiological role in the weakening of the follicle wall and an eventual rupture at ovulation. Chronic inflammation is closely related to endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Polycystic ovary syndrome is characterized by androgen excess and ovarian dysfunction. Emerging evidence suggests that the long-term metabolic effects and cardiovascular complications observed in this syndrome may be related to the presence of a mild chronic inflammatory state. It is unclear whether androgen excess promotes an inflammatory state or, conversely, whether inflammatory molecules stimulate androgen production. Early detection of risk factors will help in the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases, since the metabolic alterations associated with this syndrome can predispose to worse cardiovascular health outcomes.
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