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e-ISSN: 2448-5667
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Open Journal Systems

Firmas genéticas para cáncer de mama, utilidad clínica y aplicaciones terapéuticas

Víctor Manuel Vargas-Aguilar, Karina Arroyo-Álvarez

Resumen


Las firmas genéticas cuantifican receptores hormonales y genes de proliferación, combinando modelos de predicción multivariados. Tumores hormono-negativos tienen mayor proliferación y el valor pronóstico es limitado. La primera generación de firmas de pronóstico (Oncotype DX, MammaPrint, Índice de grado genómico) predicen recurrencia a 5 años. Las pruebas subsecuentes (Prosigna, EndoPredict, Índice de Cáncer de Mama) poseen mejor valor pronóstico para recurrencia y son predictivas de recaída temprana. No existen pruebas genéticas pronósticas útiles para tumores hormono-negativos, ni predictores de respuesta al tratamiento. La reciente expansión de las plataformas tecnológicas de alto rendimiento incluyendo la secuenciación de bajo costo de DNA derivado del tumor y RNA circulante y la cuantificación rápida fiable de microARN ofrecen nuevas oportunidades para construir modelos de predicción.


Palabras clave


Neoplasias de la Mama; Quimioterapia Adyuvante; Oncogenes

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Referencias


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