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Laboratorios como predictores del tiempo de estancia hospitalaria en pacientes con neumonía / Laboratories as predictors of length of hospital stay in patients with pneumonia
Resumen
Resumen
Introducción: son diversos los factores que influyen en el tiempo de estancia intrahospitalaria (TEIH) en pacientes con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC). Actualmente no existen estudios que relacionen los parámetros de laboratorio con la duración de la TEIH.
Objetivo: analizar la asociación de los laboratorios con el TEIH en pacientes con NAC. Material y métodos: se hizo un estudio prospectivo, longitudinal en el área de urgencias de un hospital de segundo nivel de atención.
Resultados: el tiempo promedio de TEIH en pacientes con NAC en la comunidad fue de 6.6 ± 3.0 días. Los parámetros de laboratorio de monocitos, basófilos y neutrófilos segmentados presentaron una correlación (rho de Spearman) de 0.363, 0.364 y 0.331, p =0.02, 0.02 y 0.04, respectivamente con el TEIH. La hipertensión arterial sistémica (HAS) presentó un riesgo relativo (RR) de 2.8 (intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95%]: 1.41-5.56; p < 0.001), y la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) un RR 1.94 (IC 95%: 1.31-2.88; p = 0.03) asociada a TEIH prolongado.
Conclusiones: la duración del TEIH en pacientes con NAC se relaciona con el recuento de monocitos, basófilos y neutrófilos en el momento del ingreso hospitalario y se incrementó en pacientes con HAS y pacientes con EPOC.
Abstract
Background: There are several factors that influence the length of hospital stay (LoHS) in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). There is currently no study in the literature that correlates laboratory parameters at hospital admittance with the LoHS.
Objective: To find the association of laboratory parameters with the LoHS in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
Material and methods: An observational, prospective, longitudinal, and controlled study was conducted in the emergency room of a secondary level hospital.
Results: The mean time of LoHS in patients with CAP was 6.6 ± 3.0 days. The parameters of laboratory of monocytes, basophils and segmented neutrophils presented a correlation (Spearman rho) of 0.363, 0.364 and 0.331; p = 0.02, 0.02 and 0.04, respectively, with LoHS. Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) presented a relative risk (RR) of 2.8 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.41-5.56; p < 0.001), and the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) a RR 1.94, (95%CI: 1.31- 2.88; p = 0.03) associated with prolonged LoHS.
Conclusions: LoHS in patients with CAP is related to the counting of monocytes, basophils, and neutrophils at the time of the hospital admittance and it was increased in patients with SAH and patients with COPD.
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