En el presente trabajo se expone la relación existente entre incidencia de microcefalia y los diversos arbovirus en auge actual. Destaca que en la infección por el virus del dengue, no se ha registrado casos de microcefalia, sin embargo en las series de casos de infección por chikunguña, se reportó incidencia de casos con esta afectación, destacando una cohorte denominada CHIMERE; asimismo se menciona la mayor incidencia de microcefalia asociada al virus del Zika, la cual ha sido ampliamente estudiada. Todo lo anterior por el neurotropismo de estos arbovirus.
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