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Hiperbilirrubinemia como factor predictivo de apendicitis perforada
Resumen
Introducción: en estudios recientes se considera la hiperbilirrubinemia como un marcador para identificar la presencia de apendicitis perforada. El objetivo del estudio es comprobar que la presencia de hiperbilirrubinemia es un marcador útil para identificar preoperatoriamente a los pacientes con presencia de perforación apendicular, y de esta manera proporcionar un tratamiento oportuno evitando la progresión de la patología y sus complicaciones.
Métodos: estudio retrospectivo, con 225 pacientes, los cuales contaban con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, del periodo de enero de 2012 a octubre del 2014 en el HGZ 29 del IMSS, tomando en cuenta resultados de laboratorio y posquirúrgico, realizando análisis univariado, bivariado y multivariado.
Resultados: el 56.9% presentó bilirrubina < 1, de los cuales el 16.4% presentó perforación, mientras que el de 43.1% con bilirrubina > 1, el 62.88% presentó apendicitis perforada. La hiperbilirrubinemia incrementa 17 veces más el riesgo de presentar apendicitis perforada (RMP: 17.63; IC 95%: 6.882-45.207; p < 0.001), lo que resulta estadísticamente significativo.
Conclusiones: considerando las limitaciones de este estudio, se puede inferir que la hiperbilirrubinemia está presente en un mayor número de pacientes con apendicitis perforada, por lo cual podría ser considerado como un estudio de laboratorio relevante para incluir dentro del protocolo de apendicitis, lo cual, a su vez, puede determinar una mejor planeación para el abordaje quirúrgico.
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