Resumen
Introducción: se ha identificado una elevada mortalidad intrahospitalaria en pacientes con COVID-19 que desarrollaron lesión renal aguda, particularmente en aquellos que recibieron terapia de reemplazo renal. En nuestro país hasta el momento hay pocos estudios que reporten la proporción de muertes en este grupo de pacientes.
Objetivo: identificar la proporción de muertes en pacientes con COVID-19 que desarrollaron lesión renal aguda y requirieron hemodiálisis.
Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo y se estudió a la población total. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años que tuvieron requerimiento dialítico, a los cuales se les otorgó una o más sesiones de hemodiálisis convencional. Los datos se obtuvieron del expediente electrónico y del registro de la unidad de hemodiálisis. Para el análisis descriptivo se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central y se calculó la proporción de muertes en pacientes con COVID-19.
Resultados: la población de estudio estuvo constituida por 40 pacientes; la proporción de muertes fue del 86.1%. El promedio de días transcurridos desde el ingreso hasta el desarrollo de lesión renal aguda y requerimiento dialítico fue de 5.2 días y el promedio de sesiones de hemodiálisis que recibieron fue de 1.7 sesiones.
Conclusiones: en este estudio se documentó una elevada proporción de muertes en pacientes con COVID-19 que desarrollaron lesión renal aguda y requirieron terapia de reemplazo renal, lo cual coincide con estudios similares reportados a nivel internacional.
Abstract
Background: A high in-hospital mortality has been identified in patients with COVID-19 who develop acute kidney injury, particularly in those who received renal replacement therapy. In our country there are few studies up until now that report the proportion of deaths in this group of patients.
Objective: To identify the proportion of deaths in patients with COVID-19 who developed acute kidney injury and required hemodialysis.
Material and methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out and the total population was studied. It included patients over 18 years of age who required dialysis, who received one or more sessions of conventional hemodialysis. The data were obtained from the electronic file and the registry of the hemodialysis unit. For the descriptive analysis, measures of central tendency were used and the proportion of deaths in patients with COVID-19 was calculated.
Results: The study population was made up of 40 patients; the proportion of deaths was 86.1%. The average number of days elapsed from admission to the development of acute kidney injury and dialysis requirement was 5.2 days and the average number of hemodialysis sessions received was 1.7 sessions.
Conclusions: In this study it was documented a high proportion of deaths in patients with COVID-19 who developed acute kidney injury and required renal replacement therapy, which coincides with similar studies reported internationally.
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