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Reclasificación de pacientes BIRADS 0 en una unidad de primer nivel de atención / BIRADS 0 patient reclassification in a first-level of care unit
Resumen
Resumen
Introducción: en México y el mundo, el cáncer de mama causa la mayor mortalidad por cáncer en mujeres. Su incidencia ha incrementado por una mayor esperanza de vida y exposición a factores de riesgo. El tamizaje de esta enfermedad se hace mediante mastografía, y para la estratificación de las lesiones se utiliza el sistema BIRADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System), que estandariza el informe, categoriza las lesiones según el grado de sospecha y asigna recomendaciones a seguir. Dicho sistema va desde 0 (no concluyente) hasta 6 (lesión con malignidad demostrada) y es de interés para este estudio la categoría 0.
Objetivo: describir la reclasificación de pacientes con reporte BIRADS 0 por mastografía durante 2021 en una unidad de primer nivel de atención.
Material y métodos: estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, transversal, observacional. Se estudiaron mujeres mayores de 40 años con resultado BIRADS 0. Se utilizaron las siguientes bases de datos: Registro Institucional de Cáncer, Sistema de Información de Medicina Familiar, Expediente Clínico Electrónico y lista nominal de mastografías y censo de pacientes sospechosos de medicina preventiva.
Resultados: la reclasificación con ultrasonido (US) se logró en el 100% de pacientes, en todas las categorías de BIRADS US. En el 3.8% se confirmó carcinoma ductal por histología en las pacientes inicialmente categorizadas como BIRADS 0.
Conclusiones: la totalidad de lesiones reevaluadas con US fueron reclasificadas satisfactoriamente.
Abstract
Background: In Mexico and the world, breast cancer is the cancer type with the highest incidence and mortality for women. Its incidence has increased due to a higher life expectancy and a higher exposure to risk factors. Screening is done by mammography using the BIRADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) system, the standard for mammography screening report which classifies lesions assigning recommendations for patient follow-up. The system goes from 0 (not conclusive) to 6 (demonstrated malignancy), being of interest for this study the BIRADS 0 category.
Objective: To describe patients classified as BIRADS 0 by mammography and their reclassification in a first-level hospital during 2021.
Material and methods: Retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study. Women over 40 years with a BIRADS 0 result were studied. The following databases were used: Institutional Cancer Registry, Family Medicine Information System, Electronic Clinical File, and the mammography and patient list from preventive medicine.
Results: Reclassification by ultrasound (US) was achieved in 100% of patients, in all of the BIRADS US categories. In 3.8% of BIRADS 0 patients, ductal adenocarcinoma was found and confirmed by histological testing.
Conclusion: All of the reassessed lesions with US were adequately reclassified.
Palabras clave
Referencias
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