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e-ISSN: 2448-5667
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Síndrome hipereosinofílico, reporte de caso y abordaje diagnóstico / Hypereosinophilic syndrome, case report and diagnostic approach

René Medina-Marroquín, José Adrián Espejel-Guzman, Carlos de Jesús Maldonado-López, Ana Cristina Calzada-Rascón

Resumen


Resumen

Introducción: el síndrome hipereosinofílico (SHE) es un trastorno hematológico poco frecuente, caracterizado por eosinofilia en sangre y tejidos, que provoca daño y disfunción de los tejidos. El inicio de la enfermedad es generalmente asintomático, siendo descubierto incidentalmente. El objetivo de este artículo es ilustrar la rara presentación clínica en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica.

Caso clínico: paciente hombre de 69 años, con antecedente de diabetes tipo 2 e hipertensión arterial, ingresó al servicio de Medicina Interna con síndrome consuntivo en estudio, múltiples lesiones dérmicas urticariformes y citopenias en sangre periférica. Durante su abordaje se evidenció eosinofilia de más de 5.0 × 109/L, se realizó aspirado de médula ósea, que reveló infiltración eosinofílica con displasia, así como biopsia de lesiones dérmicas con infiltrado celular mixto con predominio de eosinófilos; con lo previo se realizó el diagnóstico de SHE idiopático, posterior a la exclusión de otras etiologías evidentes de eosinofilia. Se inició tratamiento con esteroide sistémico.

Conclusiones: los trastornos eosinofílicos representan un grupo heterogéneo de afecciones poco frecuentes, con múltiples manifestaciones clínicas, predominantemente dermatológicas. Se reporta una importante asociación con el desarrollo de enfermedad renal crónica, por lo que se debe realizar un abordaje integral con el objetivo de lograr un diagnóstico etiológico que permita una terapéutica temprana y mejorar la sobrevida.

 

Abstract

Background: Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare hematological disorder, characterized by blood and tissue eosinophilia, causing tissue damage and dysfunction. The onset of the disease is generally asymptomatic, being discovered incidentally. The objective of this article is to illustrate the rare clinical presentation in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Clinical case: A 69-year-old male patient, with a history of type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, was admitted to the internal medicine service with wasting syndrome under study, multiple urticarial skin lesions and peripheral blood cytopenias. During the approach to him, eosinophilia of more than 5.0 × 109 / L was evidenced, a bone marrow aspirate was performed, which revealed eosinophilic infiltration with dysplasia, biopsy of dermal lesions with mixed cellular infiltrate with a predominance of eosinophils; With the above, the diagnosis of idiopathic HES is made, after the exclusion of other evident eosinophilia etiologies. Systemic steroid treatment was started.

Conclusions: Eosinophilic disorders represent a heterogeneous group of rare conditions, with multiple clinical manifestations, predominantly dermatological. An important association with the development of chronic kidney disease is reported, so a comprehensive approach must be carried out, with the aim of achieving an etiological diagnosis that allows early treatment and improves survival.


Palabras clave


Síndrome Hipereosinofílico; Hematología; Insuficiencia Renal Crónica; Manifestaciones Cutáneas / Hypereosinophilic Syndrome; Hematology; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Skin Manifestations

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24875/zenodo.10712365

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.24875/10.5281/zenodo.10712365

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