ISSN: 0443-511
e-ISSN: 2448-5667
Usuario/a
Idioma
Herramientas del artículo
Envíe este artículo por correo electrónico (Inicie sesión)
Enviar un correo electrónico al autor/a (Inicie sesión)
Tamaño de fuente

Open Journal Systems

Antígeno plaquetario humano: breve revisión del tema y su significado clínico / Human platelet antigen: brief review of the topic and its clinical significance

Mari C. Moran-Espinosa, Stella A. Zepeda-Aguilera, Hector Diaz-Garcia

Resumen


Resumen

Los antígenos plaquetarios son componentes celulares esenciales en la cascada de coagulación y la respuesta inmune. Las plaquetas, son pequeñas fracciones celulares anucleadas de 2 a 3 ìm resultantes de la fragmentación del citoplasma de los megacariocitos. Su función en la hemostasia es la formación de coágulos para detener el sangrado en caso de lesiones vasculares. Los antígenos plaquetarios son proteínas que se encuentran en la superficie de estas fracciones anucleadas participando en la interacción con otras células sanguíneas y la respuesta inmunológica. La variabilidad genética y las diferencias individuales en los antígenos han llevado al descubrimiento de diversos sistemas de antígenos, como el sistema HLA (antígeno leucocitario humano) y el sistema ABO. Estos sistemas influyen en la compatibilidad sanguínea realizadas durante transfusiones y trasplantes, al igual que en la aparición de reacciones adversas. La investigación en este campo ha propuesto mecanismos relacionados con la patogénesis de los trastornos plaquetarios y enfermedades autoinmunes. El estudio de los antígenos ha evolucionado con avances en la genética, la biología molecular y la inmunología, lo que conlleva a una mejor compresión, relevancia clínica y su impacto en la salud humana. La identificación de estos antígenos continúa siendo esencial para la mejora en terapias de transfusión, investigación en trastornos hemorrágicos y la exploración de posibles blancos terapéuticos en diversas enfermedades. 

 

Abstract

Platelet antigens are essential cellular components in the coagulation cascade and the immune response. Platelets are small anucleate cellular-fragments, measuring 2 to 3 ìm, resulting from the fragmentation of megakaryocyte cytoplasm. Their role in hemostasis involves clot formation to halt bleeding in case of vascular injuries. Platelet antigens are proteins found on the surface of these cell fragments, participating in interactions with other blood cells and the immune response. Genetic variability and individual differences in antigens have led to the discovery of various antigen systems, such as the HLA (human leukocyte antigen) system and the ABO system. These systems influence blood compatibility in transfusions and transplants, as well as the occurrence of adverse reactions. Research in this field has proposed mechanisms related to the pathogenesis of platelet disorders and autoimmune diseases. The study of antigens has evolved with advances in genetics, molecular biology, and immunology, leading to a better understanding of their clinical relevance and impact on human health. The identification of these antigens remains crucial for improving transfusion therapies, investigating bleeding disorders, and exploring potential therapeutic targets in various diseases.


Palabras clave


Plaquetas; Antígenos de Plaqueta Humana; Trombocitopenia; Transfusión Plaquetaria / Blood Platelets; Antigens, Human Platelet; Thrombocytopenia; Platelet Transfusion

Texto completo:

PDF

Referencias


Zhou S, Liang X, Wang N, et al. Association of human platelet antigen polymorphisms with platelet count and mean platelet volume. Hematology. 2018;23(8):517–21. doi: 10.1080/10245332.2018.1445580.

George JN. Platelets. Lancet. 2000;355(9214):1531–9. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02175-9.

Wen YH, Chen DP. Human platelet antigens in disease. Clin Chim Acta. 2018:484:87–90. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.05.009.

Eriksson O, Mohlin C, Nilsson B, et al. The human platelet as an innate immune cell: Interactions between activated platelets and the complement system. Front Immunol. 2019;10:1590. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01590.

Curtis BR, Mcfarland JG. Human platelet antigens - 2013. Vox Sang. 2014;106(2):93–102. doi: 10.1111/vox.12085.

Grover SP, Bergmeier W, Mackman N. Platelet Signaling Pathways and New Inhibitors. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2018;(4):e28-35. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.118.310224.

Hajar CGN, Zefarina Z, Riffin NSM, et al. Human platelet antigen datasets for malays, Chinese, and indians in peninsular Malaysia. Ann Lab Med. 2020;40(6):493-9. doi: 10.3343/alm.2020.40.6.493.

Azizi SG, Samiee S, Shaiegan M, et al. Genotyping of human platelet antigen-1 to -5 and -15 by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) and real-time PCR in azeri blood donors. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021;20(3):350-63. doi: 10.18502/ijaai.v20i3.6333.

Versiti. Human Platelet Antigen (HPA) Database [Internet]. Versiti;2023 [citado 2023 Nov 02]. Disponible en: https://versiti.org/products-services/human-platelet-antigen-hpa-database.

Hawkins J, Aster RH, Curtis BR. Post-transfusion purpura: Current perspectives. J Blood Med. 2019;10:405–15. doi: 10.2147/JBM.S189176.

Menis M, Forshee RA, Anderson SA, et al. Posttransfusion purpura occurrence and potential risk factors among the inpatient US elderly, as recorded in large Medicare databases during 2011 through 2012. Transfusion. 2015;55(2):284-95. doi: 10.1111/trf.12782.

Solar NG, Romero NY, Forrellat BM, et al. Conocimientos actuales sobre la patogénesis, presentación clínica, diagnóstico y manejo de la trombocitopenia neonatal aloinmune. Rev Cubana de Pediatr. 2019;91(3):e513.

Bussel JB, Vander Haar EL, Berkowitz RL. New developments in fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. Am J Obstet Ginecol. 2021;225(2):120-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.04.211.

Lieberman L, Greinacher A, Murphy MF, et al. Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia: recommendations for evidence-based practice, an international approach. Br J Haematol. 2019;185(3):549–62. doi: 10.1111/bjh.15813.

Hayashi T, Hirayama F. Advances in alloimmune thrombocytopenia: Perspectives on current concepts of human platelet antigens, antibody detection strategies, and genotyping. Blood Transfusion. 2015 Jul;13(3):380-90. DOI: 10.2450/2015.0275-14.

Tiller H, Ahlen MT, Akkök ÇA, et al. Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia – The Norwegian management model. Transf Apher Sci. 2020;59(1):102711. doi: 10.1016/j.transci.2019.102711.

Reynolds-Ocampo AL. Detección de los sistemas de antígenos plaquetarios humanos HPA en población mexicana. [Tesis para obtener el título de Especialista en Hematologia]. [Ciudad de México]: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; 2012. 32 p.

Dutra VF, Costa TH, Santos LD, et al. Platelet antibodies identification: comparison between two laboratory tests. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther. 2022;44(3):365-8. doi: 10.1016/j.htct.2020.12.008.

Mendoza-Herrera K, Pedroza-Tobías A, Hernández-Alcaraz C, et al. Attributable Burden and Expenditure of Cardiovascular Diseases and Associated Risk Factors in Mexico and other Selected Mega-Countries. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(20):4041. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16204041.

Gui Y, Zheng H, Cao RY. Foam Cells in Atherosclerosis: Novel Insights Into Its Origins, Consequences, and Molecular Mechanisms. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022;9:845942. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.845942.

Lebas H, Yahiaoui K, Martos R, et al. Platelets Are at the Nexus of Vascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2019;6:132. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00132.

Malakootikhah F, Naghavi H, Firouzabadi N, et al. Association of human platelet alloantigens encoding gene polymorphisms with the risk of coronary artery disease in Iranian patients. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2021;21(1):68. doi: 10.1186/s12872-021-01892-z.

Saleiro C, Teixeira R, De Campos D, et al. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors for cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. J Intensive Care. 2020;8(1):85.  doi: 10.1186/s40560-020-00502-y.

Vasudeva K, Munshi A. Genetics of platelet traits in ischaemic stroke: focus on mean platelet volume and platelet count. Int J Neuriosci. 2019;129(5):511–22. doi: 10.1080/00207454.2018.1538991.

Jiménez-González MC, Santiago-Germán D, Castillo-Henkel EF, et al. Identification of genetic risk factors associated with ischaemic stroke in young Mexican patients. Neurología (Eng Ed). 2021;36(5):337-45. doi: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2018.01.011.

Coen-Herak D, Lenicek-Krleza J, Radic-Antolic M, et al. Association of Polymorphisms in Coagulation Factor Genes and Enzymes of Homocysteine Metabolism with Arterial Ischemic Stroke in Children. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2017;23(8):1042–51. doi: 10.1177/1076029616672584.

de Vos TW, Porcelijn L, Hofstede-van Egmond S, et al. Clinical characteristics of human platelet antigen (HPA)-1a and HPA-5b alloimmunised pregnancies and the association between platelet HPA-5b antibodies and symptomatic fetal neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol. 2021;195(4):595–603.  doi: 10.1111/bjh.17731.

Trivigno SMG, Guidetti GF, Barbieri SS, et al. Blood Platelets in Infection: The Multiple Roles of the Platelet Signalling Machinery. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(8):7462. doi: 10.3390/ijms24087462.

Tomo S, Mohan S, Ramachandrappa VS, et al. Dynamic modulation of DC-SIGN and FcYR2A receptors expression on platelets in dengue. PLoS One. 2018;13(11): e0206346. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206346.

Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209–49. doi: 10.3322/caac.21660.

Olsson AK, Cedervall J. The pro-inflammatory role of platelets in cancer. Platelets. 2018;29(6):569-73. doi: 10.1080/09537104.2018.1453059.

Schlesinger M. Role of platelets and platelet receptors in cancer metastasis. J Hematol Oncol. 2018;11(1):125. doi: 10.1186/s13045-018-0669-2.

Li Z, Hu S, Cheng K. Platelets and their biomimetics for regenerative medicine and cancer therapies. J Mater Chem B. 2018; 6(45):7354–65. doi: 10.1039/c8tb02301h

Kazemi MH, Malakootikhah F, Momeni-Varposhti Z, et al. Human platelet antigen 1-6, 9 and 15 in the Iranian population: An anthropological genetic analysis. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):7442. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-64469-4.

Ambulay R, Gallosa M. Trombocitopenia asociada al virus de la Hepatitis A: Reporte de 3 casos. Rev Ned Hered. 2018;29(2):102. doi: 10.20453/rmh.v29i2.33.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24875/10.5281/zenodo.10790529

Enlaces refback

  • No hay ningún enlace refback.