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Interleucinas involucradas en la degeneración ósea de la enfermedad periodontal: revisión sistemática / Interleukins involved in bone degeneration from periodontal disease: Systematic review
Resumen
Resumen
Un desequilibrio entre la biopelícula de la placa y el sistema inmunológico del huésped da como resultado la sobreexpresión de una serie de interleucinas proinflamatorias, la propagación de la inflamación a través de los tejidos gingivales que conduce a la destrucción del tejido conectivo y la posterior destrucción del hueso alveolar. Las enfermedades periodontales se encuentran entre las enfermedades más comunes, pues afectan hasta a un 50 % de la población mundial. A menudo, los grupos de menor nivel socioeconómico son los más afectados, así como las personas de edad avanzada. Las interleucinas juegan un papel fundamental en la respuesta inmune y son secretadas por varias células, como los macrófagos, los mastocitos, los linfocitos, etcétera. Debido a lo anterior, el objetivo fue hacer una revisión sistemática de artículos que relacionen las interleucinas y la degeneración ósea en la enfermedad periodontal, y esta se llevó a cabo en 4 bases de datos: Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, y SpringerLink, con las palabras clave: Proinflammatory interleukin y Periodontal disease. Se aplicó la siguiente estrategia de búsqueda: TI ((Interleukin) AND (periodontal disease or Periodontitis) AND (Bone)). Se encontraron 12 artículos científicos que correspondieron al tema, y obtuvieron una buena evaluación respecto al sesgo y la calidad del artículo. Concluimos que la enfermedad periodontal es compleja y las interleucinas demuestran que establecen un vínculo multidireccional para el desarrollo de esta enfermedad.
Abstract
An imbalance between the plaque biofilm and the host's immune system results in the overexpression of several proinflammatory interleukins, the spread of inflammation through the gums leading to the destruction of connective tissue and the subsequent destruction of the gingival tissue. Periodontal diseases are among the most common diseases, since they affect up to 50% of the world population. Often, the lower socioeconomic groups are the most affected, as well as the elderly. Interleukins play a fundamental role in the immune response and they are secreted by various cells, such as macrophages, mast cells, lymphocytes, etcetera. Due to the above, the objective was to carry out a systematic review of articles that relate interleukins and bone degeneration in periodontal disease, and this review was carried out in 4 databases: Scopus, PubMed, SciELO and Springerlink, using the keywords: Proflammatory interleukin and Periodontal disease, applying the following search strategy: IT ((interleukin) AND (periodontal disease or periodontitis) AND (bone)). The search gave a result of 12 scientific articles that corresponded to the topic, and obtained a good evaluation regarding the bias and quality of the article. We concluded that periodontal disease is complex and interleukins have been shown to establish a multidirectional link for the development of this disease.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24875/10.5281/zenodo.14200998
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