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Desenlaces clínicos de la intervención percutánea sobre tronco coronario izquierdo no protegido / Clinical outcomes of percutaneous intervention on the unprotected left main coronary artery

Edgar Uriel Quintana-Ortiz, Germán Ramón Bautista-López, Enrique Alfredo Bernal-Ruiz, Marco Alejandro Solórzano-Vázquez, Martha Alicia Hernández-González, Sergio Eduardo Solorio-Meza

Resumen


Resumen

Introducción: el debate sobre la intervención coronaria percutánea (ICP) del tronco coronario izquierdo (TCI) no protegido ha sido constante a lo largo del tiempo.

Objetivo: investigar las características clínicas, de procedimiento y los desenlaces cardiovasculares de la ICP del TCI no protegido.

Material y métodos: estudio observacional que incluyó pacientes con enfermedad del TCI no protegido sometidos a ICP; se excluyeron pacientes con choque cardiogénico previo al procedimiento. Describimos las características clínicas y angiográficas, así como los eventos adversos cardiovasculares y cerebrales mayores (MACCE) según el año del procedimiento.

Resultados: incluimos 73 pacientes, con puntuación de SYNTAX I de 31.2 ± 9.1, mayormente con síndrome coronario agudo con elevación del ST (35%). Hubo mayor frecuencia de enfermedad coronaria trivascular (63%) y lesión distal del TCI (35%). La técnica de stent provisional fue la más usada para lesiones distales (58%) y la técnica de 2 stents para las lesiones en bifurcación (78%), con apoyo del ultrasonido intravascular (IVUS) en el 38%. En el seguimiento se presentaron 19 MACCE (26%), de los cuales la muerte de causa cardiaca se presentó en el 13%, muerte no cardiovascular en 5%, infarto agudo al miocardio no fatal en 1%, evento vascular cerebral en 2% y nueva revascularización del vaso tratado en 4%.

Conclusiones: se observó una frecuencia similar a la de otros estudios de eventos cardiovasculares, especialmente en pacientes con riesgo intermedio, lo cual apoya el uso creciente de la intervención percutánea en esta población.

 

Abstract

Background: The debate on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the unprotected left main coronary artery (LMCA) has been constant over time.

Objective: To investigate the clinical and procedural characteristics and cardiovascular outcomes of PCI of unprotected LMCA.

Material and methods:  Observational study which included patients with unprotected LMCA disease undergoing PCI; patients with cardiogenic shock prior to the procedure were excluded. We describe the clinical and angiographic characteristics, as well as the major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) according to the year of the procedure.

Results: We included 73 patients, with a SYNTAX I score of 31.2 ± 9.1, mostly with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (35%). There was a higher frequency of triple vessel coronary disease (63%) and distal LMCA lesions (35%). The provisional stent technique was the most used for distal lesions (58%) and the 2-stent technique for bifurcation lesions (78%), supported by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in 38%. During follow-up, 19 presented MACCE (26%), out of which cardiac death occurred in 13%, non-cardiovascular death in 5%, non-fatal acute myocardial infarction in 1%, cerebrovascular event in 2%, and revascularization of the treated vessel in 4%.

Conclusions: It was observed a similar frequency to the one appearing in other studies of cardiovascular events, mainly in patients with intermediate risk, which supports the increasing use of percutaneous intervention in this population.


Palabras clave


Intervención Coronaria Percutánea; Enfermedad Coronaria Principal Izquierda; Infarto del Miocardio; Stents Liberadores de Fármacos; Revascularización Miocárdica / Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Left Main Coronary Artery Disease; Myocardial Infarc

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Referencias


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