[Diagnostic rentability of close pleural biopsy: Tru-cut vs. Cope]

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2018 Jan-Feb;56(1):12-17.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of pleural effusion in Mexico is over 400 per 100 000 inhabitants. The etiology is infectious in 45.7% and neoplastic in 32.6%. Closed pleural biopsy sensibility is 48-70% in cancer and 50-59% in tuberculosis using Cope or Abrams needle. In 1989, Tru-cut needle biopsy was described in a small study for massive pleural effusions with a sensibility of 86%. Our Institute has a wide experience with this infrequently procedure with reliable results than using Cope needle. Diagnostic yield should be evaluated. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic yield of Tru-cut vs. standard Cope biopsy in the histopathological diagnosis of pleural effusion.

Methods: Experimental, not blinded, analytical, cross-sectional study. We studied 44 patients (24 male and 20 female) with exudative pleural effusion over a period of 14 months. Every patient underwent four Tru-cut and four Cope needle biopsies. The diagnostic yield of both methods was compared.

Results: The mean age of patients was 61.4 ± 12.2 years. The diagnosis was achieved in 25 (57%) of patients using Tru-cut and 22 (50%) of patients using Cope's closed pleural biopsy. The diagnostic value was not significantly higher (p = 0.41). The most common diagnoses were adenocarcinoma (20.5%), mesothelioma (15.9%) and tuberculosis (15.9%).

Conclusions: The diagnostic yield of Tru-cut needle biopsy is slightly higher than Cope pleural biopsy, very similar to that reported previously. The experience in this procedure is an advantage in our clinical practice.

Introducción: la prevalencia del derrame pleural en México es superior a 400 por 100 000 habitantes. Entre los exudados encontramos etiología infecciosa en 45.7% y neoplásica en 32.6%. La biopsia pleural tiene una sensibilidad de 48-70% en cáncer y 50-90% en tuberculosis si se utiliza aguja de Cope o Abrams. En 1989, se describió la biopsia con aguja cortante (Tru-cut) en un estudio con una sensibilidad de 86%. En nuestro hospital contamos con amplia experiencia en este procedimiento poco practicado actualmente. El objetivo fue comparar la rentabilidad diagnóstica y la seguridad de las biopsias pleurales con aguja de Tru-cut contra aguja de Cope en pacientes con patología pleural.

Métodos: estudio experimental, no ciego, analítico, transversal. Se incluyeron 44 pacientes con exudado pleural. A cada paciente se le realizaron cuatro biopsias pleurales con aguja de Tru-cut y cuatro con aguja de Cope para comparar la rentabilidad diagnóstica con ambos procedimientos.

Resultados: la media de edad de los pacientes fue de 61.4 ± 12.2 años. La rentabilidad diagnóstica con la aguja de Tru-cut fue de 57% y con Cope de 50% (p = 0.411). El valor diagnóstico no fue significativamente alto (p = 0.41). Los diagnósticos más comunes fueron: adenocarcinoma (20.5%), mesotelioma (15.9%) y tuberculosis (15.9%).

Conclusiones: la rentabilidad diagnóstica de las biopsias pleurales cerradas con aguja de Tru-cut es ligeramente mayor a la obtenida con aguja de Cope. Se trata de una fortaleza en nuestra práctica clínica.

Keywords: Biopsy; Cancer; Pleural effusion.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biopsy, Needle / instrumentation
  • Biopsy, Needle / methods*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lung Diseases / complications
  • Lung Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Lung Diseases / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pleural Effusion / etiology*
  • Pleural Effusion / pathology
  • Sensitivity and Specificity