Resumen
Introducción: los tumores cardiacos presentan una baja incidencia en la población general y su presentación clínica es muy variada. Su hallazgo suele ser incidental. El objetivo de este reporte de caso clínico es resaltar la utilidad del ultrasonido y la ecocardiografía en urgencias como herramienta para procedimientos diagnósticos y terapéuticos.
Caso clínico: paciente del sexo masculino de 60 años, quien acudió a urgencias por referir disnea, mareos y debilidad generalizada. Presentó bradicardia 35 lpm y se corroboró bradiarritmia tipo ritmo de la unión. Se decidió implantar un marcapasos temporal transvenoso guiado por ultrasonido y se le hizo ecocardiografía, gracias a la cual se encontró una tumoración en aurícula izquierda, compatible con mixoma auricular. La arritmia mencionada persistió, por lo cual se le hizo resección quirúrgica del mixoma al paciente y se le implantó un marcapasos permanente epicárdico DDDR. El paciente fue egresado a domicilio sin complicaciones, con adecuada evolución a los 30 días.
Conclusiones: el diagnóstico de tumoraciones cardiacas en ocasiones se realiza de manera incidental con estudios de imagen. En nuestro caso, la utilización del ultrasonido en urgencias como método diagnóstico y guía para colocación de marcapasos transvenoso permitió la documentación de la masa cardiaca desde el ingreso hospitalario del paciente.
Abstract
Background: Cardiac tumors have a low incidence in general population, and its clinical presentation varies so much. The aim of this clinical case report is to highlight the importance and utility of ultrasound and echocardiogram in the emergency department as a tool for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
Clinical case: 60-year-old male patient who presented to the emergency department because of dyspnea, dizziness, and weakness. At his arrival he was found with 35 bpm, and a junctional bradycardia was confirmed. We decided to implant a temporary transvenous pacemaker with the aid of ultrasound and echocardiogram guidance, finding an intracardiac left atrium mass compatible with a myxoma. The patient was admitted to the cardiology ward, with no remission of the bradycardia. The arrhythmia persisted, which is why the patient underwent the resection of the cardiac tumor along with an implant of a permanent epicardial DDDR pacemaker. The patient was discharged home after a few days with no complications, and he was doing well after a 30-day follow-up.
Conclusions: Diagnosis of cardiac tumors is sometimes obtained as an incidental finding with image diagnostic tests. In our case, the use of ultrasound in our emergency department as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool led us to document the cardiac tumor of our patient since his arrival to the hospital.
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