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Schwannoma gástrico y su tratamiento laparoscópico / Laparoscopic management of gastric schwannoma

Andric Pérez-Ortiz, Ana Yolanda Sandoval-Mussi, Katia Picazo-Ferrer, Anallely Luna-Hernández, Antonio Giovanni Spaventa-Ibarrola, Antonio Herrera-González, César Manuel Vargas-Sahagun, Carlos Zerrweck

Resumen


Resumen

Introducción: el schwannoma gástrico es un tumor del tracto gastrointestinal poco frecuente. Los casos comúnmente cursan asintomáticos y preoperatoriamente son confundidos con tumores del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST) o leiomiomas gástricos. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 43 años con sospecha GIST incidental que el reporte de patología fue positivo a schwannoma gástrico.

Caso clínico: mujer de 34 años con hallazgo incidental de aparente GIST en protocolo preoperatorio para manga gástrica por obesidad. En tomografía abdominal, se observó una lesión en curvatura de 16 mm adyacente al segmento III hepático. Por ultrasonografía endoscópica, la lesión fue dependiente de la muscular de la mucosa y la biopsia positiva para neoplasia de células fusiformes. Fue llevada a resección laparoscópica y reconstrucción con derivación gastroentérica en Y de Roux. El reporte histopatológico definitivo mostró neoplasia de células fusiformes S100 positivas correspondiente a schwannoma gástrico.

Conclusiones: los schwannomas gástricos, como nuestro caso, cursan habitualmente asintomáticos y en mujeres de edad media. Sin embargo, dada su baja prevalencia y localización submucosa, comúnmente son confundidos con otros tumores del estroma en estudios de imagen, incluso por ultrasonografía endoscópica. El diagnóstico definitivo depende de la patología y debe diferenciarse de otros tumores más frecuentes con curso maligno, especialmente, si coexisten ganglios linfáticos prominentes por laparoscopía.

 

Abstract

Background: Gastric schwannoma is a rare GI tract tumor. Commonly, cases are asymptomatic and often misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) or gastric leiomyomas.

Clinical case: A 34-year-old female presented to the clinic for a gastric sleeve for obesity. Preoperatively, there was a GIST misdiagnosis. A CT scan showed a 16 mm gastric tumor in the lesser curvature adjacent to segment III of the liver. Endoscopic ultrasound showed a lesion arising from the muscularis mucosa. The biopsy was positive for spindle cells. The patient underwent a laparoscopic resection and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. The pathology report showed S100-positive spindle cells compatible with gastric schwannoma.

Conclusions: Like our case, gastric schwannomas are usually asymptomatic and arise in middle-aged women. However, their submucosal location in imaging studies, even endoscopic ultrasound, often leads to misdiagnosis. Postoperative pathology and immunohistochemical examinations are critical for final diagnosis and distinguishing features of other malignant stromal cell tumors. Care must be taken in cases with prominent lymph nodes on diagnostic laparoscopy.


Palabras clave


Neurilemoma; Tumores del Estroma Gastrointestinal; Derivación Gástrica / Neurilemmoma; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors; Gastric Bypass

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24875/10.5281/zenodo.14617155

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