ISSN: 0443-511
e-ISSN: 2448-5667
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Multi-domain intervention program on cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults: Pilot study / Programa de intervención multidominio sobre la función cognitiva en adultos mayores que viven en la comunidad: estudio piloto

Rosalinda Sánchez-Arenas, Israel Grijalva, Leticia Manuel-Apolinar, Oscar Orihuela-Rodríguez, Lourdes Basurto-Acevedo, Irene Mujica-Morales, Mariela Bernabe-García, Arcelia Bernal-Díaz, Francisco Abraham Jiménez-Armenta, Eduardo Tapia-Fuentes, Daniela Hernández-González, Viviana Aparicio-Barranco, Yamileth Margarita Villarreal-López, Ryosuke Shigematsu

Resumen


 

Abstract

Background: Recent interventions to prevent cognitive impairment include aerobic-cognitive training and educational programs on cognitive function.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of a multidomain intervention and a sports program (control) on objective cognitive function (OCF), subjective memory function (SMC), frontal assessment battery, cognitive reserve, depression, anxiety, and stress in older adults through a non-randomized study.

Material and methods: The intervention consisted of aerobics and cognitive exercises (exercise on a checkered mat) and educational motivational support. The intervention group received 60 minutes of training 3 days a week for 24 weeks, and the control group 60 minutes of physical training 2 days a week for 24 weeks. Independent older adults were included. The baseline and final values ​​of the outcome variables were obtained. The relative risk for SMC, as well as the median differences, the effect estimate, and ANCOVA for continuous variables were obtained.

Results: The characteristics of the intervention group (n = 11) and control group (n = 10) were similar at baseline, except for age. OCF, SMC, and neuropsychological symptoms showed a positive trend in the intervention group, whereas in the control group did not. The intervention was significant in SMC (RR: 0.5; 95%CI 0.4-0.8), and the control showed a substantial decrease in OCF compared with the intervention group [F(1) = 8.4; p = 0.009; դp = 0.30].

Conclusions: The results suggest that the 3-component program may be more effective than the control program in improving SMC and OCF.

 

Resumen

Introducción: las intervenciones recientes para prevenir el riesgo de deterioro cognitivo incluyen entrenamiento aeróbico-cognitivo y programas educativos sobre la función cognitiva.

Objetivo: comparar la efectividad de una intervención multidominio y un programa deportivo (control) en la función cognitiva objetiva (FCO) y la función subjetiva de memoria (SMC), batería de evaluación frontal, reserva cognitiva, depresión, ansiedad y estrés en adultos mayores mediante un estudio no aleatorizado.

Material y métodos: intervención de ejercicios aeróbicos y cognitivos (ejercicio sobre un tapete cuadriculado) y apoyo motivacional educativo. El grupo intervención recibió 60 minutos de entrenamiento por 3 días a la semana durante 24 semanas y el grupo control 60 minutos de entrenamiento físico por 2 días a la semana durante 24 semanas. Se incluyeron personas adultas mayores independientes. Se obtuvieron valores basales y finales de las variables resultados. Se estimó riesgo relativo para SMC y las diferencias de mediana, del efecto y ANCOVA para variables continuas.

Resultados: las características de grupo de intervención (n = 11) y control (n = 10) fueron similares al inicio, excepto la edad. La FCO, SMC y los síntomas neuropsicológicos mostraron tendencia positiva en el grupo de intervención y el grupo de control no. La intervención fue significativa en SMC (RR 0.5; IC 95% 0.4-0.8) y el control disminución en FCO en comparación con el grupo de intervención [F(1) = 8.4; p = 0.009; դp = 0.30].

Conclusiones: los resultados sugieren que el programa de intervención de 3 componentes puede ser más efectivo que el programa control para mejorar la FCO y la SMC.


Palabras clave


Prevention; Cognitive Impairment; Older Adults; Cognition​ / Prevención; Deterioro Cognitivo; Adultos Mayores; Cognición

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24875/10.5281/zenodo.14200027

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