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Eficacia de la goma de mascar en íleo postcesárea: ensayo clínico aleatorizado / Efficacy of chewing gum in post-cesarean ileus: A randomized clinical trial

Vania Itzel Cortes-Cernas, María de Lourdes Salas-Gutiérrez, Reyna Mariela Vargas-Ledesma, Marina Cruz-Plascencia, Kevin Alejandro Reveles-Alba, Arturo Maximiliano Reyes-Sosa, Alma Patricia González, Carlos Paque-Bautista, José Luis Felipe Luna-Anguiano, Gloria Patricia Sosa-Bustamante

Resumen


Resumen

Introducción: el uso de goma de mascar en el postoperatorio ha demostrado ser útil en la recuperación del íleo postquirúrgico.

Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia del uso de goma de mascar como alimentación simulada para la recuperación del íleo postcesárea.

Material y métodos: ensayo clínico aleatorizado, controlado, doble ciego, en mujeres ≥ 18 años, durante el postoperatorio de cesárea, distribuidas en 2 grupos: grupo A (goma de mascar, n = 63) y grupo B (control, n = 63). Se evaluó el tiempo postoperatorio transcurrido para el primer flato, la presencia de evacuación durante el postoperatorio antes del egreso hospitalario, el tiempo transcurrido para la primera evacuación postoperatoria y el tiempo de estancia hospitalaria (EH).

Resultados: se incluyeron 126 pacientes. El grupo A presentó mayor frecuencia de evacuaciones postoperatorias antes del egreso hospitalario (p = 0.01) y menor tiempo de EH (p = 0.04); ninguna paciente presentó náuseas durante el periodo postoperatorio (p = 0.0001). No se observó diferencia entre los grupos de estudio en el tiempo de aparición del primer flato (p = 0.17), ni del tiempo transcurrido para la primera evacuación después de la cirugía (p = 0.07). El número necesario a tratar (NNT) fue de 5 y la reducción absoluta de riesgo (RAR) de 21% para presencia de náuseas y para ausencia de evacuaciones postoperatorias. Ninguna paciente reportó complicaciones.

Conclusiones: el uso de goma de mascar como alimentación simulada posterior a la cesárea es eficaz y seguro para la recuperación del íleo postoperatorio.

 

Abstract

Background: The use of chewing gum postoperatively has been shown to be useful in the recovery of postoperative ileus.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of using chewing gum as simulated feeding for the recovery of postoperative ileus after cesarean section.

Material and methods:  Randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial in women ≥ 18 years, during the postoperative period of cesarean section, distributed in 2 groups, group A (chewing gum, n = 63) and group B (control, n = 63). The postoperative time elapsed until the first flatus, the presence of evacuation during the postoperative period before hospital discharge, and the time elapsed until the first postoperative evacuation and length of hospital stay (HS) were evaluated.

Results: 126 patients were included. Postoperative evacuation before hospital discharge was more frequent in group A (p = 0.01); in addition, there was a shorter length of HS (p = 0.04); no patient presented nausea during the postoperative period (p = 0.0001). No difference was observed between the study groups regarding the time to onset of first flatus (p = 0.17), or the time elapsed to first postoperative evacuation (p = 0.07). The number needed to treat (NNT) was 5 and the absolute risk reduction (ARR) was 21%, for both the presence of nausea and the absence of postoperative evacuation. No patient reported complications.

Conclusions: The use of chewing gum as simulated feeding after cesarean section is effective and safe for recovery from postoperative ileus.


Palabras clave


Cesárea; Goma de Mascar; Periodo Postoperatorio, Motilidad Gastrointestinal; Íleo Paralítico / Cesarean Section; Chewing Gum; Postoperative Period; Gastrointestinal Motility; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24875/10.5281/zenodo.14200085

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