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Dermatosis en la obesidad
Resumen
La obesidad, que se define como un estado patológico de exceso de tejido adiposo, se considera un problema de salud pública mundial. Esta enfermedad, que predomina en los países industrializados, es prevalente prácticamente en todas las naciones del mundo y es el resultado de los cambios en el estilo de vida, el consumo excesivo de alimentos con alto contenido energético y pobre valor nutricional, así como del sedentarismo y de la reducción de espacios al aire libre donde se puede practicar deporte.
Aunque la obesidad se relaciona con múltiples enfermedades, es importante subrayar que los cambios metabólicos originados por la misma afectan la fisiología cutánea y juegan un factor predisponente para el desarrollo de algunas enfermedades dermatológicas. Hasta ahora ha sido poco analizado el impacto en la piel que genera la obesidad; el propósito de este artículo es revisar las patologías cutáneas más frecuentemente asociadas a la misma. Algunas de las patologías dermatológicas en la obesidad se producen por cambios en la fisiología cutánea generadas por la misma, otras se relacionan con la resistencia a la insulina, o bien, constituye un factor exacerbante de las dermatosis. En este artículo se incluyen las características clínicas, así como su relación con la obesidad y manejo.
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