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Tumores del sistema nervioso central
Resumen
Los tumores del sistema nervioso central (SNC) constituyen un grupo heterogéneo de neoplasias que tienen en común una morbimortalidad considerable. Los avances recientes en los mecanismos oncogénicos responsables del desarrollo de estos tumores han dado lugar a nuevos sistemas de clasificación, los cuales, a su vez, permiten un mejor abordaje diagnóstico y una mejor planificación terapéutica. La mayoría de estos tumores ocurren en forma esporádica y son varios los factores de riesgo que se han asociado a su desarrollo, tales como la exposición a radiaciones ionizantes o a ondas electromagnéticas, y la presencia de enfermedades como la diabetes, la hipertensión arterial y la enfermedad de Parkinson. Una proporción menor de casos de tumores primarios del SNC es causada debido a síndromes hereditarios. El propósito de esta revisión es resumir de manera integral la etiopatogenia, la presentación clínica, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de los tumores del SNC y analizar objetivamente el papel que juegan en su desarrollo los factores de riesgo anteriormente mencionados.
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