Envíe este artículo por correo electrónico (Inicie sesión)
Enviar un correo electrónico al autor/a (Inicie sesión) Open Journal Systems
Guía de práctica clínica. Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la fibrilación auricular
Resumen
La fibrilación auricular está asociada con un incremento a largo plazo en la incidencia de enfermedad vascular cerebral, insuficiencia cardiaca y mortalidad general. Ante fibrilación auricular no valvular, la incidencia de infarto cerebral isquémico promedia 5 % por año, dos a siete veces mayor al de los pacientes sin ella; además, uno de cada seis infartos cerebrales isquémicos ocurre en pacientes que la padecen. La detección y el diagnóstico correctos y oportunos, así como la intervención terapéutica, han demostrado la disminución de la morbimortalidad relacionada con esta arritmia. El objetivo de esta guía es poner a disposición de los profesionales de la salud las recomendaciones basadas en la mejor evidencia disponible, con la intención de estandarizar las acciones sobre diagnóstico e identificación del paciente con fibrilación auricular, estratificación de riesgo y tratamiento, identificación del riesgo de tromboembolismo y prevención del mismo, así como lineamientos para determinar qué paciente requerirá ser referido oportunamente a otro nivel de atención.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
PDFReferencias
Fuster V, Lars E. ACC/AHA/ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation. JACC 2001; 38(4):1266i-1266ixx.
Brophy M, Snyder K, Gaehde S, Ives C, Gagnon D, Fiore LD. Anticoagulant use for atrial fibrillation in the elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc 2004;52(79:1151-1156.
Kowey PR, Yan GX, Dimino TL, Kocovic DZ. Overview of the management of atrial fibrillation: what is the current state of the art? J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2003;14(Suppl 12):S275-S280.
Grupo de Trabajo para el Manejo de la Fibrilación Auricular de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología, European Heart Rhythm Association. Guías de práctica clínica para el manejo de la fibrilación auricular. Rev Esp Cardiol [serie en internet] 2010;(12):e1-e83. Disponible en http://www. revespcardiol.org/sites/default/files/elsevier/pdf/25/25v63n12a13188310pdf001.pdf
Goaux JL, Ashman R. Auricular fibrilation with aberration simulating ventricular paroxismal tachycardia. Am Heart J 1947;34(3):366-373.
Clark DM, Plumb VJ, Epstein AE, Kay GN. Hemodynamic effects of an irregular sequence of ventricular cycle lengths during atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;30 (4):1039-1045.
Frustaci A, Chimenti C, Bellocci F, Morgante E, Russo MA, Maseri A. Histological substrate of atrial biopsies in patients with lone atrial fibrillation. Circulation 1997;96 (4):1180-1184. Disponible en http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/96/4/1180.long
Skanes AC, Mandapati R, Berenfeld O, Davidenko JM, Jalife J. Spatiotemporal periodicity during atrial fibrillation in the isolated sheep heart. Circulation 1998;98(12):1236-1248. Disponible en http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/98/12/1236.long
Morillo CA, Klein GJ, Jones DL, Guiraudon CM. Chronic rapid atrial pacing: structural, functional, and eletrophysio-logical characteristics of a new model of sustained atrial fibrillation. Circulation 1995;91(5):1588-1995. Disponible en http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/91/5/1588.long
Gudbjartsson DF, Holm H, Gretarsdottir S, Thorleifsson G, Walters GB, Thorgeirsson G. A sequence variant in ZFHX3 on 16q22 associates with atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke. Nat Genet 2009;41(8):876-878. Disponible en http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2740741/?tool= pubmed
Hart RG, Pearce LA, McBride R, Rothbart RM, Asinger RW. Factors associated with ischemic stroke during aspirin therapy in atrial fibrillation: analysis of 2012 participants in the SPAF I-III clinical trials. The Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation (SPAF) investigators. Stroke 1999;30(6):1223-1229. Disponible en http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/30/6/1223.long@
Torres-Arreola LP, Peralta-Pedrero ML, Viniegra-Osorio A, Valenzuela-Flores AA, Echevarría-Zuno S, Sandoval-Castellanos FJ. Al. Proyecto para el desarrollo de guías de práctica clínica en el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2010;48(6):661-672. Disponible en http://201.144.108.128/revista_medica/index.php?option =com_multicategories&view=article&id=860:proyecto-para-el-desarrollo-de-guias-de-practica-clinica-en-el-instituto-mexicano-del-seguro-social&Itemid=607
Camm JA, Kirchhof P, Lip GY, Schotten U, Savelieva I, Ernst S, Van Gelder IC, et al. Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. The Task force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Eur Heart J 2010;31(19):2369-2429. Disponible en http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/content/31/19/2369.long
Fuster V, Rydén LE, Cannom DS, Crijns HJ, Curtis AB, Ellenbogen KA, et al. ACC /AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2001 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation): developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation 2006;114(7):e257-e354. Disponible en http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/114/7/e257.long
Poldermans D, Bax JJ, Boersma E, De Hert S, Eeckhout E, Fowkes G, et al. Guidelines for preoperative cardisc risk assessment and perioperative cardiac management in non-cardiac surgery the Task Force for Preoperative Cardis Risk Assessment and Perioperative Cardiac Management in Non-cardiac Surgery of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and endorsed by the European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA). Eur J Anaesthesiol 2010;27(2):92-137.
Murray RD, Shah A, Jasper SE, Goodman A, Deitcher SR, Katz WE. Transesophageal echocardiography guided enoxaparin antithrombotic strategy for cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: the ACUTE II pilot study. Am Hearth J 2000;139(6):E1-E7.
Wann SL, Curtis AB, Lowe JE, Ellenbogen KA, Estes M, Ezekowitz MD, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS focused update on the management of patients with atrial fibrillation (update on dabigatran). Circulation 2011;123:1144-1150. Disponible en http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/123/10/1144.full.pdf+html
Van Gelder I, Tuinenburg A, Schoonderwoerd B, Tieleman RG, Crijns HJ. Pharmacologic versus direct-current electrical cardioversion of atrial flutter and fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 1999;84(9A):147R-151R.
Kowey PR, Yan GX, Winkel E, Kao W. Pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic options to maintain sinus rhytm: guideline-based and new approaches. Am J Cardiol 2003;91(6A):33D-38D.
Gurevitz O, Ammash N, Malouf J, Chandrasekaran K, Rosales AG, Ballman KV, et al. Comparative efficacy of monophasic and biphasic waveforms for transthoracic cardioversión of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. Am Hearth J 2005;149(2):316-321.
Wozakowzka-Kaplon B, Janion M, Sielski J, Radomska E, Bakowski D, et al. Efficacy of biphasic shock for transthoracic cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation: can we predict energy requirements? Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2004;27(6 Pte 1):764-768.
Khaykin Y, Newman D, Kowalewski M, Korley V, Dorian P. Biphasic versus monophasic cardioversion in shock-resistant atrial fibrillation: a randomized clinical trial. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2003;14(8):868-872.
Berry C, Stewart S, Payne EM, McArthur JD, McMurray JJ. Electrical cardioversion for atrial fibrillation: outcomes in “real-life” clinical practice. Int J Cardiol 2001;81(1):29-35.
Naccarelli G, Wolbrete D, Khan M, Bhatta L, Hynes J, Samii S. Old and new antiarrhytmic drugs for converting and maintining sinus rhytm in atrial fibrillation: comparative efficacy and results of trials. Am J Cardiol 2003;91 (6A):15D-26D.
Capucci A, Boriani G, Botto GL, Lenzi T, Rubino I, Falcone C, et al. Conversion of resent onset atrial fibrillation by a single oral loading dose of propafenone or flecainide. Am J Cardiol 1994:74(5):503-505.
Capucci A, Villani GQ, Piepoli MF. Reproducible efficacy of loading oral propafenone in restoring sinus rhytm in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2003; 92(11):1345-1347.
Pritchett E, Page R, Carlson M, Undesser K, Fava G. Rythmol Atrial Fibrillation Trial (RAFT) Investigators. Efficacy and safety of sustained-release propafenone (propa-fenone SR) for patients with atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2003;92(8):941-946.
Zitmetbaum P, Reynolds M, Ho KK, Gaziano T, McDonald MJ, McClennen S, et al. Impact of a practice guideline for patients with atrial fibrillation on medical resourse utilization and costs. Am J Cardiol 2003; 92(6):677-681.
Benditt DG, Williams JH, Jin J, Deering TF, Zucker R, Browne K, et al. Maintenance of sinus rhythm with oral d,l-sotalol therapy in patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation and/or atrial flutter. d,l-Sotalol Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter Study Group. Am J Cardiol 1999;84(3):270-277. Disponible en http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10496434
Channer KS, Birchall A, Steeds RP, Walters SJ, Yeo WW, West JN, et al. A randomized placebo-controlled trial of pre-treatment and short- or long-term maintenance therapy with amiodarone supporting DC cardioversion for persistent atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2004;25(2):144-150. Disponible en http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14720531
Singh BN, Mody FV, López B, Sarma JS. Antiarrhythmic agents for atrial fibrillation: focus on prolonging atrial repolarizarion. Am J Cardiol 1999;84(9):161R-173R.
Grönefeld G, Hohnloser S, B-blocker therapy in atrial fibrillation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2003;26(7 Pt2):1607-1612.
Khand A, Rankin A, Martin W, Taylor J, Gemmell I, Cleland JG. Carvedilol alone or in combination with digoxin for the manegement of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;42(11):1944-1951.
Enlaces refback
- No hay ningún enlace refback.