Introducción: la adhesión al tratamiento con hormonoterapia (HT) es un tema complejo y polifacético que puede determinar variantes en la respuesta al tratamiento. Sin embargo, se sabe poco acerca de la misma en la práctica clínica habitual.
Objetivo: evaluar la adherencia a HT de uno a cinco años de 190 pacientes tratadas en el Hospital de Clínicas (de Montevideo, Uruguay) e identificar factores de interrupción de la terapia.
Material y métodos: se incluyeron, de 2002 a 2012, 190 pacientes tratadas con HT por cáncer de mama E I-III. Se utilizó el método de Kaplan‑Meier para valorar la proporción de pacientes que abandonó la HT y el análisis univariado con prueba de log‑rank para identificar los factores que podrían influir en su interrupción.
Resultados: de las 190 pacientes incluidas, las proporciones de quienes mantuvieron adhesión a la HT, desde el primero hasta el quinto año, fueron sucesivamente de 95.3, 87.9, 80.6, 76.4 y 69.5%. Las pacientes que recibieron HT combinada con tamoxifeno e inhibidores de la aromatasa tuvieron mayor continuidad en el tratamiento respecto de aquellas que recibieron una única droga (p = 0.017).
Conclusión: evaluamos la adhesión a la HT en la vida real y se redujo un 30.5% en cinco años, a pesar de su conocido beneficio en sobrevida global (SVG), de ser un tratamiento bien tolerado y brindado en forma gratuita. Se deben investigar los motivos de su interrupción, a fin de optimizar su adhesión y ahondar en los esfuerzos para aumentar su cumplimiento, dado el impacto que puede tener en la SVG.
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