Resumen
Introducción: las infecciones incrementan la morbimortalidad de los pacientes con trastornos autoinmunes; sin embargo, esta asociación no ha sido establecida en enfermedades reumáticas e infección por SARS-CoV-2.
Objetivo: describir las características clínicas y la mortalidad de pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas y COVID-19 grave.
Material y métodos: serie de casos observacional y descriptiva, en pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas e infección grave por SARS-CoV-2, confirmada por PCR o tomografía pulmonar, hospitalizados en la Ciudad de México de marzo a agosto de 2020.
Resultados: se incluyeron 15 pacientes con edad media de 57 años (DE ± 11), el 66.6% eran mujeres, el 80% tuvieron prueba de PCR positiva. El tiempo de inicio de síntomas hasta la hospitalización, en promedio, fue de 7.2 días (DE ± 2.1). Falleció el 46.6%. Los pacientes que murieron tenían un nivel medio de plaquetas más bajo en comparación con los sobrevivientes. Los reactantes inflamatorios fueron más altos en los fallecidos. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en cuanto a la mortalidad para las variables relacionadas a la enfermedad reumática.
Conclusiones: las diferencias en mortalidad de pacientes con COVID-19 grave en esta serie de casos parecen estar relacionadas con la infección y no con la enfermedad reumática.
Abstract
Background: Infections increase morbidity and mortality in patients with autoimmune disorders; however, this association has not been established in rheumatic diseases and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and mortality of patients with rheumatic diseases and severe COVID-19.
Material and methods: Observational and descriptive case series in patients with rheumatic diseases and severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, confirmed by PCR or pulmonary tomography, hospitalized in Mexico City from March to August 2020.
Results: 15 patients with a mean age of 57 years (SD ± 11) were included, 66.6% were women, and 80% had a positive PCR test. The time from onset of symptoms to hospitalization, on average, was 7.2 days (SD ± 2.1). 46.6% died. Patients who died had a lower mean platelet level compared to survivors. The inflammatory reactants were higher in the deceased. There were no statistically significant differences in mortality for the variables related to rheumatic disease.
Conclusions: The differences in mortality of patients with severe COVID-19 in this series of cases seem to be related to the infection and not to the rheumatic disease.
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