Resumen
Introducción: en el Servicio de Urgencias, se implementó el índice de choque para determinar el pronóstico de forma rápida en diversas patologías, como en el infarto agudo al miocardio. El índice de choque es el resultado de dividir la frecuencia cardiaca entre la presión arterial.
Objetivo: determinar la relación entre el índice de choque sistólico y el índice de choque diastólico como factores pronósticos de mortalidad en el infarto agudo al miocardio con elevación del segmento ST previo al ingreso al Área de Hemodinamia.
Material y métodos: estudio transversal analítico prospectivo en pacientes que ingresaron al Área de Hemodinamia para cateterismo cardiaco en un plazo de cinco meses en el 2022. Tuvo como variables independientes el índice de choque sistólico y el índice de choque diastólico y como variable dependiente la mortalidad. Se utilizó el paquete estadístico SPSS, versión 25, y como prueba estadística la prueba chi cuadrada de Pearson, con una p < 0.05 como estadísticamente significativa.
Resultados: se analizaron 162 pacientes que tuvieron un índice de choque diastólico > 1.2143, con una sensibilidad de 62.5% y una especificidad de 77.4%, con una p < 0.05. Y presentaron un índice de choque sistólico > 0.8908, con una sensibilidad de 45.8% y una especificidad de 91.2%, con una p < 0.05.
Conclusión: se determinó que ambos índices de choque tienen relación como factores pronósticos de mortalidad en el infarto agudo al miocardio con elevación del segmento ST antes de su ingreso al Área de Hemodinamia.
Abstract
Background: In the emergency room, the shock index was applied to determine the prognosis in various pathologies, such as acute infarction. The shock index is the result of dividing heart rate by the systolic blood pressure.
Objective: To determine the relationship between the systolic shock index and the diastolic shock index as prognostic factors for mortality in acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation prior to admission to the Hemodynamics Room.
Material and methods: A prolective analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in patients who were admitted to the Hemodynamics Room for cardiac catheterization within a period of 5 months in 2022. The systolic shock index and diastolic shock index were included as independent variables and mortality was the dependent variable. SPSS, version 25, was used and Pearson’s chi-square test was used as statistical test, with a p value < 0.05 being significant. Results: 162 patients were analyzed and showed a diastolic shock index > 1.2143 with a sensitivity of 62.5% and a specificity of 77.4% with a p < 0.05. Their systolic shock index was > 0.8908 with a sensitivity of 45.8% and specificity of 91.2%, with a p < 0.05.
Conclusion: It was determined that both shock indices are related as mortality prognostic factors in acute myocardial infarction with ST elevation prior to admission to the Hemodynamic Room.
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