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Autoinmunidad y clasificación de Freiburg en pacientes con inmunodeficiencia común variable / Autoimmunity and Freiburg classification in common variable immunodeficiency

Diana Andrea Herrera-Sánchez, Nancy Valeria López-Moreno, Laura Berrón-Ruiz, Gustavo Jonny Ramos-Blas, Rocío Catana-Hernández, Patricia María O'Farrill-Romanillos

Resumen


Resumen

Introducción: hasta el 25% de los pacientes con inmuno-deficiencia común variable (IDCV) debutan con autoinmunidad, la cual guarda relación con la clasificación de Freiburg, que se basa en la citometría de flujo.

Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia y tipo de enfermedades autoinmunes y su asociación con la clasificación de Freiburg en adultos con IDCV.

Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal, analítico y observacional con 33 pacientes pertenecientes a la Clínica de Inmunodeficiencias Primarias de un hospital de tercer nivel con diagnóstico de IDCV. Se dividieron en tres fenotipos según la clasificación de Freiburg.

Resultados: de los 33 pacientes estudiados, el 66.6% presentó enfermedades autoinmunes, de ellos 19 (86.3%) tuvieron citopenias. El 42.1% se clasificó en el grupo Ia de Freiburg, el 36.8% en el grupo Ib y el 21% en el fenotipo II. En el 36.6% de los pacientes las citopenias autoinmunes fueron la primera manifestación de IDCV, y hasta el 70% de ellos pertenecen al fenotipo Ia de Freiburg (p = 0.086). Los pacientes con citopenias autoinmunes tuvieron un menor porcentaje de células B de memoria con cambio de isotipo (p = 0.018), sin mayor porcentaje de células B CD21low (p = 0.226).

Conclusiones: la clasificación por fenotipos en IDCV permite identificar el perfil del paciente y el tipo de manifestaciones asociadas, lo que es útil para buscar de manera intencionada complicaciones no infecciosas propias de la enfermedad.

 

Abstract

Introduction: Up to 25% of patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) debut with autoimmunity, which is related to the Freiburg classification, which is based on flow cytometry.

Objective: to determine the frequency and type of autoimmune diseases and their association with the Freiburg classification in adults with CVID.

Material and methods: A cross-sectional, analytical and observational study was carried out with 33 patients belonging to the Primary Immunodeficiency Clinic of a third level hospital, with a diagnosis of CVID. They were divided into 3 phenotypes according to the Freiburg classification.

Results: Of the 33 patients studied, 66.6% presented autoimmune diseases, 19 of them (86.3%) had cytopenia; 42.1% belonged to Freiburg group Ia, 36.8% to Ib and 21% to phenotype II. In 36.6% of the patients, autoimmune cytopenia were the first manifestation of CVID; and up to 70% of them belong to the Freiburg phenotype Ia (p = 0.086). Patients with autoimmune cytopenia had a lower percentage of isotype-switched memory B cells (p = 0.018), no higher percentage of CD21low B cells (p = 0.226).

Conclusions: Classification by CVID phenotypes allows the identification of the patient’s profile according to the percentage of memory B cells with isotype change, which is useful to intentionally search for non-infectious complications of the disease.


Palabras clave


Inmunodeficiencia Variable Común; Enfermedades Autoinmunes; Autoinmunidad; Inmunodeficiencias Primarias; Freiburg / Common Variable Immunodeficiency ; Autoimmune Diseases; Autoimmunity; Primary Immunodeficiencies; Freiburg

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Referencias


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