Resumen
Introducción: la proloterapia puede ser buena opción en el tratamiento complementario de pacientes con osteoartrosis de rodilla (OA), específicamente para el incremento de la funcionalidad.
Objetivo: determinar la efectividad de la proloterapia en OA grado II-III en la funcionalidad y en el trabajo muscular de flexores y extensores de rodilla.
Material y métodos: se realizó un ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado a doble ciego. Incluyó a pacientes con el diagnostico de OA grados II-III. Al grupo experimental se les infiltraron 6 mL de solución glucosada al 25% y lidocaína al 0.05% en ambas rodillas; al grupo control con solución salina al 0.45% y lidocaína al 0.05%. Todos los pacientes recibieron un programa integral de rehabilitación. Se midió el trabajo isocinético de los músculos flexores y extensores de rodilla, dolor y funcionalidad, previa infiltración y a los tres meses de seguimiento. Para comparar la diferencia de medias, se aplicó la prueba de t de Student, considerando p < 0.05 como significativo. El proyecto se aprobó en el comité local de ética e investigación.
Resultados: se reclutaron 37 pacientes, 17 en el grupo de proloterapia. No hubo diferencias intergrupo en la funcionalidad, trabajo isocinético de flexores/extensores de rodilla y dolor iniciales, ni durante el seguimiento hasta las 12 semanas.
Conclusiones: en el presente estudio identificó que tanto la proloterapia como la infiltración con solución salina incrementaron la funcionalidad, fuerza y disminuyeron el dolor; sin embargo, no se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los dos grupos.
Abstract
Background: Prolotherapy may be a good option in the complementary treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients, specifically for the increase of functionality.
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of prolotherapy in OA grade II - III in the functionality and muscular work of knee flexors and extensors.
Material and methods: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. It included patients diagnosed with OA grades II-III. The experimental group was infiltrated in both knees with 6 ml of 25% glucose solution and 0.05% lidocaine; control group with 0.45% saline solution and 0.05% lidocaine. All patients received a comprehensive rehabilitation program. The isokinetic work of the knee flexor and extensor muscles, pain and functionality were measured, prior to infiltration and at 3-month follow-up. To compare the difference in means, the Student’s t test was applied, considering p < 0.05 as significant. The project was approved by the local ethics and research committee.
Results: 37 patients were recruited, 17 in the prolotherapy group. There were no intergroup differences in functionality, isokinetic knee flexor/extensor work, and pain at baseline, or during follow-up up to 12 weeks.
Conclusions: In the present study we identify that both prolotherapy and saline infiltration increased functionality, strength, and decreased pain; however, no statistically significant difference was found between the two group.
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