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Osteosarcoma extraesquelético superficial. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Superficial extraskeletal osteosarcoma. Case report

Pedro Elí García-Esparza, Alejandra Mantilla-Morales

Resumen


Resumen

Introducción: el osteosarcoma es la neoplasia maligna primaria de hueso más común en jóvenes. La presentación en tejidos no óseos comprende del 2 al 5% de todos los osteosarcomas y menos del 1% de todos los sarcomas de partes blandas. En raras ocasiones se presenta como un tumor superficial, siendo necesario hacer diagnóstico diferencial con entidades benignas, como el granuloma piógeno osificante, y neoplasias malignas, con diferenciación sarcomatoide como el carcinosarcoma y el melanoma desdiferenciado. El diagnóstico preciso requiere correlación de las características histológicas, macroscópicas y de imagen de la neoplasia, siendo de gran relevancia ya que el comportamiento biológico y el tratamiento difiere al del osteosarcoma óseo y al de neoplasias desdiferenciadas.

Caso clínico: presentamos el caso de un hombre de 52 años con osteosarcoma extraesquelético superficial, con características radiológicas y patológicas características de esta neoplasia.

Conclusiones: el osteosarcoma extraesquelético superficial es extremadamente raro, representa menos del 10% de los osteosarcomas extraesqueléticos, la evaluación histológica y los estudios de imagen son obligatorios para el diagnóstico, y la historia clínica es útil tanto para descartar diagnósticos diferenciales como para contribuir al diagnóstico definitivo. En este paciente se diagnosticó osteosarcoma extraesquelético superficial con base a criterios histológicos. Sin embargo, los pocos hallazgos reportados impiden conocer los factores pronósticos.

 

Abstract

Background: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone neoplasm in young people. Presentation in non-bone tissues comprises 2 to 5% of all osteosarcomas and less than 1% of all soft tissue sarcomas. On rare occasions it presents as a superficial tumor, making it necessary to make a differential diagnosis with benign entities, such as pyogenic granuloma ossificans, and malignant neoplasms, with sarcomatoid differentiation such as carcinosarcoma and dedifferentiated melanoma. Accurate diagnosis requires correlation of the histological, macroscopic and imaging characteristics of the neoplasm, which is of great relevance since the biological behavior and treatment differ from that of bone osteosarcoma and dedifferentiated neoplasms.

Clinical case: We present the case of a 52-year-old man with superficial extraskeletal osteosarcoma, with radiological and pathological characteristics characteristic of this neoplasm.

Conclusions: Superficial extraskeletal osteosarcoma is extremely rare, representing less than 10% of extraskeletal osteosarcomas, histological evaluation and imaging studies are mandatory for diagnosis, and clinical history is useful both to rule out differential diagnoses and to contribute to the diagnosis. definitive. Superficial extraskeletal osteosarcoma was diagnosed in this patient based on histological criteria. However, the few findings reported prevent us from knowing the prognostic factors.


Palabras clave


Osteosarcoma; Neoplasias Óseas; Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos; Persona de Mediana Edad / Osteosarcoma; Bone Neoplasms; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Middle Aged

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24875/zenodo.10712277

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.24875/10.5281/zenodo.10712277

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