Resumen
Introducción: en este reporte de caso se destaca la conexión entre la dermatosis ampollosa autoinmune actuando como un síndrome paraneoplásico y el cáncer testicular.
Caso clínico: hombre de 28 años sin enfermedades crónico-degenerativas ni consumo de medicamentos, consultó por máculas eritematosas y ampollas en tórax, diseminadas a dorso y extremidades. La exploración física reveló eritema palpebral, inyección conjuntival, úlceras en lengua y labios, y ampollas que denudaron el 90% de la superficie corporal. Ingresó a la unidad de cuidados intensivos, donde se le diagnosticó y trató como necrólisis epidérmica tóxica. Recibió tratamiento inmunosupresor, cursando con mejoría sintomática y reepitelización de las lesiones cutáneas. En el servicio de medicina interna se identificó un tumor testicular maligno por lo que se sometió a orquiectomía, con resultado histopatológico de seminoma.
Conclusiones: se concluye que las manifestaciones dermatológicas fueron probablemente secundarias a una dermatosis ampollosa autoinmune, dado que el paciente carecía de procesos infecciosos o consumo reciente de fármacos, además del reciente diagnóstico de tumor de células germinales. Los puntos destacados de este caso clínico incluyen la identificación simultánea de la enfermedad ampollosa y la neoplasia durante la misma hospitalización, respaldando la correlación entre ambas entidades, como se ha observado en casos previos.
Abstract
Background: In this case report, the connection between autoimmune bullous dermatosis acting as a paraneoplastic syndrome and testicular cancer is highlighted.
Clinical case: A 28-year-old man with no chronic-degenerative diseases or medication consumption presented with erythematous macules and blisters on the chest, spreading to the back and limbs. Physical examination revealed eyelid erythema, conjunctival injection, ulcers on the tongue and lips, and blisters that denuded 90% of the body surface. He was admitted to the intensive care unit, where he was diagnosed and treated as toxic epidermal necrolysis. He received immunosuppressive treatment, with symptomatic improvement and re-epithelialization of the skin lesions. In the internal medicine service, a malignant testicular tumor was identified, for which he underwent orchiectomy, with the histopathological result of seminoma.
Conclusions: It is concluded that the dermatological manifestations were probably secondary to an autoimmune bullous dermatosis, given that the patient had no infectious processes or recent drug use, in addition to the recent diagnosis of germ cell tumor. Highlights of this clinical case include the simultaneous identification of bullous disease and neoplasia during the same hospitalization, supporting the correlation between both entities, as has been observed in previous cases.
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