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Características clínicas y expresión génica de citocinas en pacientes con síndrome post-COVID-19 / Clinical characteristics and cytokine gene expression in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome

María Magdalena Valencia-Gutiérrez, Modesto Gómez-López, Nadia Mabel Pérez-Vielma, Paulina Lázaro-Aguilar, Víctor Ricardo Aguilera-Sosa

Resumen


Resumen

Introducción: el síndrome post-COVID-19 ocurre 3 meses después de la infección por COVID-19 y tiene una duración mínima de 2 meses. Hay poca información sobre los genes que se encuentran asociados a la desregulación del sistema inmune.

Objetivo: evaluar la expresión génica y su relación con el síndrome post-COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal, retrolectivo y analítico que incluyó 56 pacientes con síndrome post-COVID-19. Se registraron las características clínicas y se analizaron los genes serotonina IL-4, IL-1β, SOCS3, ILF13, e IFNL4 con técnicas de TRIzol® Reagent y técnica PCR-RT.

Resultados: la prevalencia de síndrome post-COVID19 fue 82.1%, sin diferencias en relación con la severidad de los síntomas o comorbilidades. Las características clínicas relacionadas con la presencia del síndrome fueron: sexo mujer, con una razón de momios (RM) de 4.25 (intervalo de confianza [IC 95%] 1.02-17.69) y el consumo de fármacos con RM 8.25 (IC 95% 0.97-70.50). Los factores protectores para fatiga fueron la expresión de serotonina, con una RM 0.238 (0.060-0.949); para problemas en la concentración, la SOCS3 con una RM de 0.188 (0.037-0.946), y para alteraciones en la memoria, el IFNL4 con una RM de 0.094 (0.015-0.586).

Conclusiones: los factores asociados a síndrome post-COVID-19 fueron sexo femenino, consumo de fármacos y desregulación génica de serotonina, IFNL4 y SOCS3.

 

Abstract

Background: Post-COVID-19 syndrome occurs 3 months after COVID-19 infection and lasts at least 2 months. There is insufficient information on the genes associated with immune system dysregulation.

Objective: To evaluate gene expression and its relationship with post-COVID-19 syndrome.

Materials and methods: Cross-sectional, retrolective and analytical study which included 56 patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome. Clinical characteristics were recorded and serotonin IL-4, IL-1β, SOCS3, ILF13, and IFNL4 genes were analyzed with TRIzol® Reagent and PCR-RT techniques.

Results: the prevalence of post-COVID-19 syndrome was 82.1%, with no differences in relation to the severity of symptoms or comorbidities. The clinical characteristics related to the presence of the syndrome were female sex with an odds ratio (OR) of 4.25 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.02-17.69), and drug consumption with an OR of 8.25 (95% CI 0.97-70.50). Protective factors for fatigue were serotonin expression with an OR of 0.238 (95% CI 0.060-0.949); for concentration problems, SOCS3 with an OR of 0.188 (95% CI 0.037-0.946), and for memory impairment IFNL4 OR 0.094 (95% CI 0.015-0.586).

Conclusions: the associated factors with post-COVID-19 syndrome were female sex, drug use, and gene dysregulation of serotonin, INFL4 and SOCS3.


Palabras clave


Proteína SOCS3; Serotonina; Interleucina-1beta; Interleucina-13; Síndrome Post Agudo de COVID-19 / SOCS3 Protein; Serotonin; interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-13; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24875/10.5281/zenodo.14200098

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