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Correlación entre el sistema Bethesda de nódulos tiroideos y el diagnóstico histopatológico postiroidectomía / Correlation between the Bethesda system for thyroid nodules and post-thyroidectomy histopathological diagnosis

Gabriel Kraus-Fischer, Raúl Alvarado-Bachmann, Beatriz de Rienzo-Madero, Edgar Núñez-García, Mariana de la Vega-de la Peña, Carlos Zerrweck-López

Resumen


Resumen

Introducción: En la población general, los nódulos tiroideos representan una causa común de consulta al especialista; en poblaciones aleatorizadas, con el uso del ultrasonido se pueden observar hasta en un 50% de los pacientes. El nódulo tiroideo tiene un riesgo de malignidad del 4-15%. El método citopatológico más utilizado para el diagnóstico del cáncer tiroideo es la toma de biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina (BAAF) de los nódulos tiroideos y la utilización del sistema Bethesda para su reporte citopatológico.

Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo comparando los porcentajes de malignidad entre las piezas quirúrgicas y el reporte citopatológico de las BAAF utilizando el sistema Bethesda 2010.

Resultados: Se estudiaron 128 nódulos en 128 pacientes. En los nódulos Bethesda I se reportó un 67% de malignidad en la histopatología final; en los Bethesda II, un 14%,; en los Bethesda III, un 28% para atipia y un 15% para lesiones foliculares; en los Bethesda IV, un 36%; en los Bethesda V, un 79%; y en los Bethesda VI, un 100%.

Conclusión: El sistema Bethesda es una herramienta disponible y de gran utilidad para el patólogo y el clínico. Desde su implementación en el Centro Médico ABC ha demostrado ser comparable con los resultados reportados en la literatura internacional.

 

Abstract

Background: Thyroid nodules are a common clinical condition. Thyroid nodules may be identified with ultrasonography in roughly 50% of the population. The risk of malignancy varies between 4 and 15% of the nodules. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) with a cytopathology report using the Bethesda system is the most utilized methods to diagnose thyroid carcinoma.

Material and methods: A retrospective, descriptive study was performed to investigate the correlation between the cytopathology of the FNA biopsies, and the final histopathology after thyroidectomy.

Results: A total of 128 nodules in 128 patients were studied; 24 males and 104 females. In the Bethesda category I, a 67% malignancy rate was reported, Bethesda II 14%, Bethesda III 28% for follicular lesions and 15% for atypia, Bethesda IV 36%, Bethesda V 79% and Bethesda VI 100%.

Conclusion: The Bethesda system has been widely adopted internationally and has become an unassailable tool for the pathologist and clinicians for the evaluation and management of thyroid nodules. Since its implementation in the ABC Medical Center, the Bethesda system has granted the institution with favorable and reproducible results.


Palabras clave


Nódulo Tiroideo; Neoplasias de la Tiroides; Biopsia con Aguja Fina / Thyroid Nodule; Thyroid Neoplasms; Biopsy, Fine-Needle

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24875/RMIMSS.M20000008

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