Suicide attempt with poisoning aluminum phosphide
Main Article Content
Keywords
Aluminum compounds, Phosphines, Poisoning, Suicide, attempted
Abstract
Background: suicide attempt with aluminum phosphide fumigant has high mortality conditions. The aim was to investigate the frequency of aluminum phosphide consumption in suicide attempt.
Methods: a retrospective case series study at the Hospital General de Tejupilco during the period 2009-2011 was done. Thirty-two patients had suicide attempt; we included 18 who was suicide attempt with aluminum phosphide. The risk of rescue according Weisman´s scale was measured.
Results: from 18 suicidal patients, 83 % was women (n = 15), average age was 17.7 ± 4.4 years, 89 % (n = 16) was ≤ 23 years old, and 89 % (n = 16) had depression. The motive for the suicide attempt was being abandoned by the partner in 56 % (10). Mortality rate was 78 % (n = 14) and death ocurred in 4 ± 2 hours.
Conclusions: aluminum phosphide is the most commonly used toxic in rural areas for suicide attempt. Among suicides, they prevailed women abandoned by her partner and related to depression and emotional security to dying.
References
Wahab J, Zaheer MS, Khan RA. Acute aluminium phosphide poisoning. Hong Kong J Emerg Med. 2008;15(3):152-7. Texto libre en http://hkcem.hkjem.com/html/publications/Journal/2008-3/p152-155.pdf
Fazaa N, Page S. Dependency and self-criticism and predictors of suicidal behavior. Suic Life Threat Behav. 2003;33(2):172-85.
Prasco J, Diveky T, Grambal A, Latalova K. Suicidal patients. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palaky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2010;154(3):265-73. Texto libre en http://mefanet.upol.cz/BP/2010/3/265.pdf
Mathal A, Bhanu MS. Acute phosphide poisoning poisoning: can we predict mortality? Indian J Anaesth. 2010;54(4):302-
Texto libre en http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2943698/
Bella ME, Fernández RA, Wilington JM. Intento de suicidio en niños y adolescentes: depresión y trastornos de la conducta disocial como patologías más frecuentes. Arch Arg Ped. 2010;108(2):124-9. Texto libre en http://www.scielo.org.ar/pdf/aap/v108n2/v108n2a06.pdf
Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzeiller F, et al. Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database. Bull World Health Organ. 2008;86(9):726-32. Texto libre en http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2649482/
Benjet C, Borges G, Medina-Mora ME, Fleiz-Bautista C, Zambrano-Ruiz J. La depresión con inicio temprano: prevalencia, curso natural y latencia para buscar tratamiento. Salud Publica Mex. 2004;45(5):417-24. Texto libre en http://bvs.insp.mx/rsp/articulos/articulo.php?id=000099
Iraola-Ferrer MA, Álvarez-Li FC, Álvarez-Cepedo R, Santana-Cano AA, Rodríguez-Llerena B, Pons-Moscoso F, et al. Suicidio con fosfuro de aluminio: presentación de un caso. Emergencias. 2009;21(3):228-31.
Singh S. Bhalla A, Verma SK, Kaur A, Gill K. Cytocrome-C oxidasa Inhibition in 26 aluminium phosphide poisoned patients. Clinical Toxicol (Phila). 2006;44(2):155-8.
Sudakin DL. Occupational exposure to aluminium phosphide and phosphide gas? A suspected case report and review of the literature. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2005;24(1):27-33.
Davies JO, Eddieston M, Buckley NA. Predicting outcome in acute organophosphorous poisoning with a poison severity score or the Glasgow coma scale. QJM. 2008;101(5):371-9. Texto libre en http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2493062/
Muralli R, Bhalla A, Singh D, Singh S. Acute pesticide poisoning: 15 year experience of a large North-West Indian hospital. Clinical Toxicol (Phila). 2009;47(1):35-8.
Jaiswal S, Verma RK, Tewari N. Aluminium phosphide poisoning: effect of correction of severe metabolic acidosis on patient outcome. Indian J Critic Care Med. 2009;13(1):21-4. Texto libre en http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2772262/
Pérez-Navero JL, de la Rosa-Ibarra I, Frías-Pérez MA, Arroyo-Marín MJ, Pérez-Jorge P. Intoxicación letal por inhalación accidental de fosfuro de aluminio. An Pediatria. 2009;71(5):427-31.
Jainn AK, Nigam M, Garg SD, Dubey BP, Arora A. Aluminium phosphide poisoning autopsy findings. JIAFM. 2005;27(1):35-9.
Espinosa J, Grymberg JB, Mendoza BR. Riesgo y letalidad suicida en pacientes con trastorno límite de la personalidad (TLP) en un Hospital de psiquiatría. Salud Mental. 2009;32(4):317-25.
Meyer RE, Salzman C, Youngstrom EA, Clayton PJ, Goodwin FK, Mann JJ, et al. Suicidal and risk of suicide--definition, drug, safety, concerns and necessary target for drug development: a consensus statement. J Clin Psychiatry. 2010;71(8):e1-21.
Bagby RM, Ryder A, Schuller DR, Marshall MB. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Has the gold standar become a lead weigh? Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161(12):2163:77.
Villafaña-Montiel LG, Gurrola-Peña GM, Balcázar-Nava P. Factores psicosociales y predisponentes en el intento suicida en pacientes hospitalizados. Psiquiatria.com [Internet]. 2002;6(4). Disponible en http://www.psiquiatria.com/revistas/index.php/psiquiatriacom/article/ viewFile/375/358/
Fisher HE, Brown LL, Strong G, Mashek D. Reward, addiction and emotion: regulation systems associated with rejection in love. J Neurophysiol. 2010;104(1):51-60.
Bogle RG, Theron P, Brooks P, Dargan PI, Redhead J. Aluminium phosphide poisoning. Emerg Med J. 2006;23(1):e3. Texto libre en http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2564148/
Hernández-González MM, Jiménez-Garcés C, Jiménez-Garcés C, Arceo-Guzmán M. Caracterización de la intoxicación aguda por plaguicidas: perfil ocupacional y conducta de uso de agroquímicos en zona agrícola del Estado de México. Rev Int Contam Amb. 2007;23(4):159-67.