COVID-19 and the predominant groups of preventive behaviors and associated factors: semi-urban area
Main Article Content
Keywords
Disease Prevention, Risk Factors, Behavior Health-Related, Health Behavior, COVID-19
Abstract
Background: Non-pharmacological interventions (NFI) or preventive actions (PA) are the best alternatives to control future pandemics, especially in vulnerable populations, such as semi-urban areas.
Objective: To describe the predominant health behavior groups (HBG) and associated factors during the third wave of COVID-19 in a semi-urban area. Material and methods: A survey which included characteristics, factors related to COVID-19, perceptions of health behavior and PA was applied in a probabilistic sample in a first-level hospital in the State of Mexico. People of both sexes over 18 years of age were included. Using a hierarchical cluster analysis, HBGs were obtained and characterized with a descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis.
Results: In a probabilistic sample (n = 260), 4 HBGs were identified: 2 of high-risk (HRG) and 2 of low-risk (LRG), and the proportions were 43.5% y 56.5%, respectively. The sociodemographic characteristics of both groups were similar. Perceptions of severity and COVID-19-related barriers significantly influenced health behaviors in LRG. In HRG, low security played a significant role, highlighting the importance of comorbidities as a clinical factor.
Conclusions: In a semi-urban area, 2 crucial health behaviors were identified: one associated with low risk and the other with high risk. In the HRG, the perception of insecurity was particularly relevant, emphasizing the importance of comorbidities as a clinical factor.
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Adriana Romero-Gomora, <p>Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Módulo Central, Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud. Ciudad de México, México.</p>
Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud. Centro Médico Siglo XXI.
Pasante de Licenciatura de Enfermería en Servicio Social (PLESS)
Laura Becerril-Díaz, <p>Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Enfermería, Coordinación de Extensión y vinculación. Toluca, Estado de México, México.</p>
Mtra en Enfermería
Michelle Yesenia Avila, <p>Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Módulo Central, Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud. Ciudad de México, México.</p>
Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Ciudad de México; México.
Pasante de Licenciatura de Enfermería en Servicio Social (PLESS)
Adriana Díaz-Medina, <p>Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Órgano de Operación Administrativa Desconcentrada Estado de México Poniente, Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 226, Dirección General. Ixtlahuaca, Estado de México, México.</p>
Delegación Estado de México Poniente, Unidad de Medicina Familiar 226, Ixtlahuaca Estado de México , México
Directora de la Unidad de Medicina Familiar 226, Ixtlahuaca, Estado de México.
María Guadalupe Berumen-Lechuga, <p>Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Órgano de Operación Administrativa Desconcentrada Estado de México Poniente, Coordinación Auxiliar Médica en Investigación en Salud. Toluca, Estado de México, México.</p>
Delegación Estado de México Poniente, Coordinación Auxiliar Médica en Investigación en Salud. Toluca Estado de México, México.
Coordinadora Auxiliar Médica en Investigación en Salud. Toluca Estado de México, México.
Francisco Abraham Jiménez-Armenta, <p>Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Módulo Central, Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud. Ciudad de México, México.</p>
Modulo Central, Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Ciudad de México; México.
Médico pasante en servicio social (MPSS)
Jessica Camacho-Ruíz, <p>Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Órgano de Operación Administrativa Desconcentrada CDMX Sur, Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 28, Servicio de Urgencias. Ciudad de México, México.</p>
OOAD DF Sur, Unidad de Medicina Familiar No 28, Ciudad de México, México.
Médica Familiar
Salvador Vázquez-Vega, <p>Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Módulo Central, Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud. Ciudad de México, México.</p>
Modulo Central, Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Ciudad de México; México.
Investigador Asociado B
Rosalinda Sánchez-Arenas, <p>Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Módulo Central, Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud. Ciudad de México, México.</p>
Modulo Central, Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud. Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI.
Investigador Titular A