Clinical research XXIII. From clinical judgment to meta-analyses

Main Article Content

Rodolfo Rivas-Ruiz
Osvaldo Daniel Castelán-Martínez
Marcela Pérez-Rodríguez
Lino Palacios-Cruz
Maura E. Noyola-Castillo
Juan O Talavera

Keywords

Meta-Analysis, Review, Systematic, Forest plots

Abstract

Systematic reviews (SR) are studies made in order to ask clinical questions based on original articles. Meta-analysis (MTA) is the mathematical analysis of SR. These analyses are divided in two groups, those which evaluate the measured results of quantitative variables (for example, the body mass index —BMI—) and those which evaluate qualitative variables (for example, if a patient is alive or dead, or if he is healing or not). Quantitative variables generally use the mean difference analysis and qualitative variables can be performed using several calculations: odds ratio (OR), relative risk (RR), absolute risk reduction (ARR) and hazard ratio (HR). These analyses are represented through forest plots which allow the evaluation of each individual study, as well as the heterogeneity between studies and the overall effect of the intervention. These analyses are mainly based on Student’s t test and c2. To take appropriate decisions based on the MTA, it is important to understand the characteristics of statistical methods in order to avoid misinterpretations.
Abstract 225 | PDF (Spanish) Downloads 244

References

Rivas-Ruiz R, Talavera JO. [Clinical Research VII]. Systematic search: how to look for medical documents]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2012 Jan-Feb;50(1):53-8. 

 

Rivas-Ruiz R, Pérez-Rodríguez M, Talavera JO. [Clinical research XV. From the clinical judgment to the statistical model. Difference between means. Student’s t test]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2013 May-Jun;51(3):300-3.

 

Talavera JO, Rivas-Ruiz R. [Clinical research VI. Clinical relevance]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2011 Nov-Dec;49(6):631-5. 

 

Rivas-Ruiz R, Castelán-Martínez OD, Pérez M, Talavera JO. [Clinical research XVII. c2 test, from the expected to the observed]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2013;51(5):552-7.