Anthropometric and biochemical indices in the nutritional assessment of the newborn with extremely low weight
Main Article Content
Keywords
Newborn nutrition, Very low birth weight infant, Anthropometry
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate anthropometric and biochemical indices of the nutritional status of newborn with extremely low weight.
Methods: It was carried out a cohort study with 10 patients included, of both sexes, and weight at birth between 700-1200 g, who were under treatment with parenteral nutrition (PN), and/or minimal enteric stimulus (MES).
Results: Nine patients (90 %) received PN plus MES. One patient received only oral or enteric nutrition. Daily increase in weight was 7-23.8 g with an average of 15.6 g. In size, weekly increase was 0.30-1.5 cm with an average of 0.78 cm. In cephalic perimeter, the weekly increase was between 0.1-1.1 cm weekly with an average of 0.57 cm. Once the PN treatment was stopped and the patients were managed only with oral feeding, the weigh increases ranged between 12.5-35 g per day with an average of 22.7 g/day; height increased weekly from 0.45 to 1.1 cm , with an average of 0.89 cm/week; cephalic perimeter increased weekly from 0.45 to 1.3 cm, with an average of 0.80 cm. All the patients (100 %) had a positive nitrogen balance.
Conclusions: The treatment of PN and MES is a useful strategy in order to keep a positive nitrogen balance and promote the increase in weight, size and cephalic perimeter so that the newborn could get the rate of growth in utero.
References
Chirinos RJ, Oliveros DM, Ramírez DL. Nutrición parenteral total en el recién nacido de muy bajo peso. Diagnostico. 2000;39(2):87-93.
Schutzman DL, Porat R, Salvador A, Janeczko M. Neonatal nutrition: A brief review. World J Pediatr. 2008;4(4):248-53.
Nieto-Sanjuanero A, Rodríguez-Balderrama I, Garrido-Garza D, Rodríguez-Juárez A. Alimentación temprana por succión en prematuros menores de 1800 g. Rev Mex Pediatr. 2005;72(1):9-12. Texto libre en http://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/pediat/sp-2005/sp051c.pdf
Hay WW Jr. Strategies for feeding the preterm infant. Neonatology. 2008;94(4):245-54. Texto libre en http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2912291/
Quevedo A. El niño en estado crítico. Colombia: Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas; 2001.
Sánchez-DI, Cavagnaro F, Tapia-I JL, Juárez-G G. Relación entre el perímetro braquial y algunos indicadores de crecimiento intrauterino. Rev Chil Pediatr. 1988;59(5):259-98. Texto libre en http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/rcp/v59n5/art02.pdf
Casanueva E. Prevención de bajo peso al nacer. Salud Publica Mex. 1988;30(3):370-8.
Kilbride HW, Leick-Rude MK, Allen N. Total parenteral nutrition in neonatal intensive care. En: Merenstein GB, Gardner S, editores. Merenstein & Gardner’s handbook of neonatal intensive care. Eighth edition. St. Luis, MO: Mosby; 2006. p. 341-57.
Ziegler EE, O’Donnell AM, Nelson SE, Fomon SJ. Body composition of the reference fetus. Growth. 1976;40(4):329-41.
Llanos MA, Mena NP, Uauy DR. Tendencias actuales en la nutrición del recién nacido prematuro. Rev Chil Pediatr. 2004;75(2);107-21.
Wilmore DW. Catabolic illness strategies for enhancing recovery. N Engl J Med. 1991;325(10):695-702.
Charlton UV. Crecimiento fetal: aspectos nutricionales. En: Taeush W, Ballard R, editores. Enfermedades del recién nacido: Schaffer- Avery. Sexta edición. Buenos Aires: Médica Panamericana; 1993. p. 78-86.
Moore KL. The developing human: clinically oriented embryology. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1988.
Torrence CR, Horns KM, East C. Accuracy and precision of neonatal electronic incubator scales. Neonatal Netw. 1995;14(5):35-9.
Jurado-García E, Abarca A, Roldán C, Campos R, Saavedra A, Álvarez J, Parra S. El crecimiento intrauterino. 1. Evaluación del peso y longitud corporal total en la ciudad de México, análisis estadístico de l6807 nacimientos consecutivos de producto único vivo. Bol Med Hos Infant Mex. 1970:27(2);163-95.
Battaglia F, Lubchenco LO. A practical classification of newborn infants by weight and gestational age. J. Pediatr. 1967;(71)2:159-63.
Merlob P, Syvan Y. Thigh circumference and thigh to head ratio in preterm and term infants. J Perinatol. 1994;14(6):479-82.
Koo WW, Tsang RC. Mineral requirements of low birth. Weight infant. J Am Coll Nutr. 1991;10(5):474-86.
Fomon SJ. Requirements and recommended dietary intakes of protein during infancy. Pediatr Res. 1991;30(5):391-5.
Thureen JP, Anderson AH, Baron KA, Melara DL, Hay WW Jr, Fennessey PV. Protein balance in the first week of life in ventilated neonates receiving parenteral nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998;68(5):1128-35. Texto libre en http://ajcn.nutrition.org/contento/ 68/5/1128.long
Villalobos G, Coronado IA. Nutrición del prematuro. En: Ahued JR, editor. Prematurez, un enfoque perinatal. México: Textos Mexicanos; 2004. p. 20-314.
Weiler HA, Fitzpatrick-Wong SC, Schellenberg JM, Fair DE, McCloy UR, Veitch RR, et al. Minimal enteral feeding within 3 d of birth in prematurely born infants with birth weight < or = 1200 g improves bone mass by term age. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83(1):155-62.
Tyson JE, Kennedy KA. Alimentación trófica para recién nacidos alimentados por vía parenteral. Base de Datos Cochrane de Revisiones Sistemáticas 2007, Número 4, artículo CD000504.
Velázquez-Quintana NI, Ávila-Reyes R. Recién nacido con peso bajo; causas problemas y perspectivas a futuro. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 2004;61(1):73-86.