Características clínicas y expresión génica de citocinas en pacientes con síndrome post-COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14200098Palabras clave:
Proteína SOCS3, Serotonina, Interleucina-1beta, Interleucina-13, Síndrome Post Agudo de COVID-19Resumen
Introducción: el síndrome post-COVID-19 ocurre 3 meses después de la infección por COVID-19 y tiene una duración mínima de 2 meses. Hay poca información sobre los genes que se encuentran asociados a la desregulación del sistema inmune.
Objetivo: evaluar la expresión génica y su relación con el síndrome post-COVID-19.
Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal, retrolectivo y analítico que incluyó 56 pacientes con síndrome post-COVID-19. Se registraron las características clínicas y se analizaron los genes serotonina IL-4, IL-1β, SOCS3, ILF13, e IFNL4 con técnicas de TRIzol® Reagent y técnica PCR-RT.
Resultados: la prevalencia de síndrome post-COVID19 fue 82.1%, sin diferencias en relación con la severidad de los síntomas o comorbilidades. Las características clínicas relacionadas con la presencia del síndrome fueron: sexo mujer, con una razón de momios (RM) de 4.25 (intervalo de confianza [IC 95%] 1.02-17.69) y el consumo de fármacos con RM 8.25 (IC 95% 0.97-70.50). Los factores protectores para fatiga fueron la expresión de serotonina, con una RM 0.238 (0.060-0.949); para problemas en la concentración, la SOCS3 con una RM de 0.188 (0.037-0.946), y para alteraciones en la memoria, el IFNL4 con una RM de 0.094 (0.015-0.586).
Conclusiones: los factores asociados a síndrome post-COVID-19 fueron sexo femenino, consumo de fármacos y desregulación génica de serotonina, IFNL4 y SOCS3.
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