Frequency of increased thyrotropin in women with hyperprolactinemia
Keywords:
Prolactin, Thyroid-stimulating hormone, HypothyroidismAbstract
Background: Hypothyroidism has been associated to hyperprolactinemia. The aim was to establish the frequency of high thyrotropin (TSH) levels in women with hyperprolactinemia.
Methods: Retrospective, observational, open, and non-controlled study, which included all the non-pregnant women whose prolactin (PRL) and TSH levels were measured between January 1 and December 31, 2014.
Results: 437 women were studied. The most frequent diagnoses that motivated PRL measurement were: infertility (31.7%), polycystic ovary syndrome (18.7%), and amenorrhea (7.8%). In the whole group TSH levels were 2.5 ± 2.7 µUl/mL and those of PRL 16.5 ± 13.2 ng/dL. From the total of women, those with normal PRL levels, 1.4% had low TSH levels, 76.6% normal and 7.5% high, while in those with high PRL levels 0.7% had low TSH levels 12.6% normal and 1.1% high. Of those 374 patients with normal PRL, 6 (1.6%) had low TSH levels, 335 (89.6%) normal TSH levels, and 33 (8.8%) high TSH levels. Of those 63 patients with high PRL, 3 (4.8%) had low TSH levels, 55 (87.3%) normal TSH and 5 (7.9%) high TSH levels.
Conclusion: In this study it was not possible to document that the proportion of patients with high TSH was greater in those with hyperprolactinemia.
Downloads
References
Molitch ME. Prolactin in human reproduction. In: Strauss JF III, Barbieri RL, eds. Yen and Jaffe’s reproductive endocrinology: physiology, pathophysiology, and clinical management. Fifth edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2004. pp. 93-123.
Owerrbach D, Rutter WJ, Cooke NE, Martial JA, Shows TB. The prolactin gene is located in chromosome 6 in humans. Science. 1981;212(4496):815-6.
Gibbs DM, Neill JD. Dopamine levels in hypophysial stalk in the rat are sufficient to inhibit prolactin secretion in vivo. Endocrinology. 1978;102(6):1895-900.
Jacobs LS, Snyder PJ, Utiger RD, Daughaday WH. Prolactin response to thyrotropin releasing hormone in normal subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1973; 36(6):1069-73.
Asa SL, Ezzat S. The pathogenesis of pituitary tumours. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002;2(11):836-49.
Foord SM, Peters JR, Dieguez C, Jasani B, Hall R, Scanlon MF. Hypothyroid pituitary cells in culture: an analysis of thyrotropin and prolactin response to dopamine (DA) and DA receptor binding. Endocrinology. 1984;115(1):407-15.
Davis JR, Lynam TC, Franklyn JA, Docherty K, Sheppard MC. Tri-iodothyronine and phenythoin reduce prolactin messenger RNA levels in cultures rat pituitary cells. J Endocrinol. 1986;109(3):359-64.
Goel P, Kahkasha, Narang S, Gupta BK, Goel K. Evaluation of serum prolactin levels of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism. J Clin Diagnos Res. 2015;9(1):BC 15-B17.
Tolino A, Nicotra M, Romano L, Petrone A, Langella L. Subclinical hypothyroidism and hyperprolactinemia. Acta Eur Fertil. 1991;22(5):275-7.
Bahar A, Akha O, Kashi Z, Vesgari Z. Hyperprolactinemia in association with subclinical hypothyroidism. Caspian J Intern Med. 2011;2(2):229-33.
Hekimsoy Z, Kafesçiler S, Güçlü F, Ozmen B. The prevalence of hyperprolactinaemia in overt and subclinical hypothyroidism. Endocr J. 2010;57(12): 1011-5.
Honbo KS, van Herle AJ, Kellet KA. Serum prolactin levels in untreated primary hypothyroidism. Am J Med. 1978;64(5):782-7.
Semple CG, Beastall GH, Teasdale G, Thomson JA. Hypothyroidism presenting with hyperprolactinaemia. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1983;286(6372):1200-1.
Chadli M, Chaieb L, Makhlouf M, Zebidi A, Djaidane A. L’hyperprolactinémie dans l’hypothyroidie primaire. Tunis Med. 1989;67(1):17-21.
Shilo S, Hirsch HJ. Compensated hypothyroidism presenting with galactorrhoea. J Intern Med. 1990; 228(2):197-8.
Olive KE, Hennessey JV. Marked hyperprolactinemia in subclinical hypothyroidism. Arch Intern Med. 1988;148(10):2278-9.
Downloads
Issue
Section
License
Authors retain their copyright and grant the Revista Médica del IMSS the right of first publication. Articles are distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which allows sharing as long as the author and the original source are properly credited.
