Retinal ischemia as an early marker of renal failure in non-proliferative retinopathy

Authors

  • Arturo Muñoz-Cornejo Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad Médica De Alta Especialidad No. 1 del Bajío, Servicio de Oftalmología. León, Guanajuato, México https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8959-4727
  • Gloria Paulina Trujillo-Sánchez Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad Médica De Alta Especialidad No. 1 del Bajío, Servicio de Oftalmología. León, Guanajuato, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1810-9587
  • Luis Miguel López-Montero Centro de Investigaciones en óptica, Laboratorio de óptica de la visión. León, Guanajuato, México https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2826-6022
  • Martha Alicia Hernández-González Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad Médica De Alta Especialidad No. 1 del Bajío, Jefatura de División de Investigación en Salud. León, Guanajuato, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6903-2233

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14617022

Keywords:

Diabetic Retinopathy, Diabetic Nephropathy, Diabetes Mellitus, Albuminuria, Retinal Ischemia

Abstract

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) presents complications such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and nephropathy, both related to microvascular damage. DR is the leading cause of preventable blindness in T2DM. Retinal ischemia, detectable by fluorescein angiography (FA), is an early indicator, and its timely detection is crucial. Endothelial dysfunction affects vessels in organs such as the retina and kidneys. Microalbuminuria (MA) is an early sign of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Early detection, along with adequate metabolic control, can delay progression to end-stage renal disease.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between retinal ischemia, detected by FA, and MA in patients with T2DM and non-proliferative DR at the No. 1 Specialty Hospital of Bajío.

Material and methods: Cross-sectional study, with ethical approval. Diabetic patients without previous renal disease or proliferative DR were included. The sample of 66 patients was evaluated by FA and MA analysis (> 30 mg/24 h). Chisquare and Student’s t-tests were applied. Results: Patients with retinal ischemia were older (62.73 ± 8.93 vs. 57.50 ± 14.14 years; p = 0.05) and had a higher prevalence of MA (45% vs. 0%; p = 0.01). No significant differences were found in gender, DR severity, HbA1c, or creatinine levels.

Conclusions: Retinal ischemia is associated with a higher prevalence of microalbuminuria in T2DM patients, supporting the study hypothesis.

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Author Biographies

  • Arturo Muñoz-Cornejo, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad Médica De Alta Especialidad No. 1 del Bajío, Servicio de Oftalmología. León, Guanajuato, México

    Licenciatura en Médico Cirujano por la Universidad de Guanajuato.

    Residente de tercer año Oftalmología en Servicio de Oftalmología Unidad Médica de alta especialidad, hospital de especialidades No°1 Bajío, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.

    Estudiante activo de posgrado (especialidad) en Universidad de Guanajuato

  • Gloria Paulina Trujillo-Sánchez, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad Médica De Alta Especialidad No. 1 del Bajío, Servicio de Oftalmología. León, Guanajuato, México

    Médico Oftalmólogo con alta especialidad en retina médica y quirúrgica, adscrito al Servicio de Oftalmología de la Unidad Médica De Alta Especialidad No. 1 del Bajío, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, León, Guanajuato, México

  • Luis Miguel López-Montero, Centro de Investigaciones en óptica, Laboratorio de óptica de la visión. León, Guanajuato, México

    Médico cirujano con especialidad en Oftalmología y alta especialidad en retina y vítreo, adscrito al laboratorio de óptica de la visión del Centro de Investigaciones en óptica, León, Guanajuato, México.

  • Martha Alicia Hernández-González, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad Médica De Alta Especialidad No. 1 del Bajío, Jefatura de División de Investigación en Salud. León, Guanajuato, México

    Médico Cirujano con especialidad en Cardiología, Jefa de División de Investigación en Salud de la Unidad Médica De Alta Especialidad No. 1 del Bajío, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, León, Guanajuato, México

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Published

2025-03-01

Issue

Vol. 63 No. 2 (2025): March-April

Section

Original Articles

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