Syncope and carotid paraganglioma

Main Article Content

Héctor Bizueto-Rosas
Anabel Salazar-Reyes
Ely Guadalupe Moran-Reyes
Gregorio González-Arcos
Noemí A. Hernández-Pérez
Hugo Francisco Solorio-Rosete
Gabriel Soto-Hernández

Keywords

Syncope, Paraganglioma, Death, sudden

Abstract

Syncope is a medical emergency, which is more or less frequent. Its prevalence increases with age. It is defined as the loss of consciousness and postural tone resulting from a transient alteration of cerebral flow. It appears suddenly, but it does not leave behind any sequela or after-effects. Out of two groups, the neutrally mediated (or neuromediated) syncope, especially the one called carotid sinus hypersensitivity, is related to the carotid sinus paraganglioma. It is triggered by sinus pressure, which results in sudden death by overstimulation. In the next article, we show the case of a sexagenarian female patient with a disabling syncope and a 7 cm carotid body paraganglioma, which did not allow her the minimum movement of lateral dorsiflexion or extension of the neck. For this reason, the patient had to remain hospitalized, in a dorsal decubitus position with semiflexion of the neck. Before the surgery was practiced, a temporary pacemaker was used, and after the resection of the carotid body paraganglioma, in accordance to the patient’s studies of cardiac electrophysiology, she was discharged without electrical nerve stimulation.
Abstract 226 | PDF (Spanish) Downloads 44

References

Day SC, Cook EF, Funkenstein H, Goldman L. Evaluation and outcome of emergency room patiens with transient loss of consciousness. Am J Med. 1982; 73(1)15-23.

 

Sheldon R, Killam S. Methodology of isoproterenol-tilt table testing in patients with syncope. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992;19(4):773-9.

 

Linzer M, Yang E, Estes M, Wang P, Vorperian VT, Kapoor WN. Diagnosing syncope. Part 2: Unexplained syncope. Clinical Efficacy Assessment Project of the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 1997;127(1):76-86.

 

Sheldon R, Rose S, Flanagan P, Koshman ML, Killam S. Effects of beta blockers on the time to first syncope recurrence in patients after a positive isoproterenol tilt table test. Am J Cardiol. 1996;78(5): 536-9.

 

Brignole M, Menozzi C, Lolli G, Bottoni N, Gaggioli G. Long-term outcome of paced and non paced patients with severe carotid sinus syndrome. Am J Cardiol. 1992;69(12):1039-43.

 

Netterville JL, Reilly KM, Robertson D, et al. Carotid body tumors: a review of 30 patients with 46 tumors. Laryngoscope. 1995;105(2):115-26.

 

López E. Barorreflejo en la hipertensión arterial. Bases Anatomofuncionales y aplicación clínica. Madrid: Tesis Doctoral; 2004.

 

García-Rodríguez M, Duménigo-Arias O. Tumor del corpúsculo carotídeo. Presentación de 1 caso. Rev Cubana Cir. 2001;40(1):47-50.

 

Sánchez G, Hakim JA, Rey M. Paragangliomas del cuerpo carotídeo. Experiencia en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Revisión de 168 tumores. Acta de ORL y CCC. 1999; 27(4):203-11.

 

Vega A, Pane C. Evaluación de manifestaciones neurológicas pre y posoperatorias en pacientes con tumores glómicos, experiencia del INNN. Arch Neurocien (Mex). 2005; 10(4):230-44.

 

Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Bouquot JE. Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology. W.B. Saunders. 2002;464-5.

 

Lattes R. Nonchromaffin paraganglioma of ganglion nodosum, carotid body and aortic-arch bodies. Cancer. 1950;3(4):667-94.

 

Wilson H. Carotid body tumors: familial and bilateral. Ann Surg. 1970;171(6):843-8.

 

Colwell AS, D’Cunha J, Maddaus MA. Carney`s triad paragangliomas. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2001; 121:1011-2.

 

O´Mahony D. Pathophysiology of carotid sinus hypersensitivity in elderly patients. Lancet. 1995;346 (890)950-2.

 

Aguirre HA, Toranzo JM, Colunga R, Esquivel O. Glomus del cuerpo carotídeo (paraganglioma). Rev ADM. 2009;65-2.

 

López D, Campos ME, Díaz L, López D. Paraganglioma carotídeo. A propósito de un caso (Tumor vascular de cuello) ORL-DIPS. 2005;32(4):196-9.

 

Manolidis S, Shohet J, Jackson C, Gary G, Glasscock M. Malignant glomus tumors. Laryngoscope. 1999;109(1):30-4.

 

Gilman JK. Syncope in the emergency department. A cardiologist´s perspective. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 1995;13(4):955-71.

 

Tea SH, Mansourati J, L’Heveder G, Mabin D, Blanc JJ. New insights into the pathophysiology of carotid sinus sindrome. Circulation. 1996; 93(7):1411-6.

 

Pryse-David J, Dawson IM, Wesbury G. Some morphological histochemical and chemical obsevations on chemodectomas and the normal carotid body, including a study of the cromaffin reaction and possible ganglion cell elements. Cancer. 1964;17:185.

 

Soto S, Valdés E, Krämer A, Marine L, Bergoieing M, Mertens R, et al. Tumor del cuerpo carotídeo: A propósito de 10 casos tratados. Rev Méd Chile 2007; 135(11):1414-20. Texto libre en http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0034-98872007001100007&script= sci_arttext

 

Vincelj J, Kirin M, Borković Z, Lajtman Z, Horzić M. Syncope caused by carotid body tumor. Acta Med Croatica.1996;50(4-5):213-5.

 

Valdés F, Rosenberg H, Krämer A, Huete I. Tumor del Cuerpo Carotídeo. Rev Méd Chile. 1985;113(5): 1108-12.

 

Knight TT Jr, González JA, Rary JM, Rush DS. Current concepts for the surgical management of carotid body tumor. Am J Surg. 2006;191(1)104-10.

 

Granell M, Tommasi M, Ubeda J, Chaves S, Soriano JL, Todolí J et al. Implicaciones anestesiológicas de la exéresis de paragangliomas carotídeos. A propósito de tres casos clínicos. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2001;48(8):387-92. Texto libre en https://www.sedar.es/vieja/restringido/2001/octubre/notas_2_octubre 2001vol48.pdf

 

Sorba A, Nikeghbalian S, Yarmohammadi H, Assadisabet. A. Surgical management of carotid body tumors: A 24-year Surgical Experience. ANZ J Surg. 2006;76/4):214-7.

 

Maxwell JG, Jones SW, Wilson E, Kotwall CA, Hall T, Hamann S, et al. Carotid body tumor excisions: adverse outcomes of adding carotid endarterectomy. J Am Coll Surg. 2004;198(1):36-41.

 

Kummer W, Yamamoto Y. Cellular distribution of oxygen sensor candidates-oxidases, cytochromes, K+ - channels-in the carotid body. Microsc Res Tech. 2002;59(3):234-42.

 

Skromne G, Hidalgo R. Tratamiento del tumor del cuerpo carotídeo con radionúclidos. Rev Hosp Jua Mex. 2009;76(1): 38-9.

 

Al-Ebrahim K, el-Azm M, el-Kholy A, Shafei H. Arterial and venous paragangliomas: the value of a preoperative pacemaker and a multidisciplinary approach. Br J Neurosurg. 1997;11(3):233-7.

 

Rodríguez-Cuevas H, LAU I, Rodríguez HP. High altitude paragangliomas. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Considerations. Cancer. 1986; 57(3):672-6.