Lifestyle pattern and therapeutic adherence in patients on hemodialysis
Main Article Content
Keywords
Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Renal Dialysis, Health Education, Self-Care, Treatment Adherence and Compliance
Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common complication of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Hemodialysis (HD) is a renal replacement therapy that requires self-care and therapeutic adherence (TA), which if not performed increase the risk of associated complications. Therefore, it is essential to adopt self-care practices and implement modifications in lifestyle patterns (LP).
Objective: To determine changes in LP and TA in patients with CKD undergoing HD following educational interventions (EIs).
Material and methods: Quasi-experimental, longitudinal, non-randomized study. Sociodemographic and clinical-therapeutic variables were analyzed. Evaluation tools were applied to identify changes in LP and TA before and after a 6-month period of EIs. The EIs consisted of 7 individualized sessions provided in the HD unit. Measures of central tendency, chi-square test, and Student’s t test were used for data analysis.
Results: The sample included 39 patients, with a mean age of 52.87 years; 53% were male. Initially, 100% of participants were classified as "at risk" in LP, and 0% had "full adherence" in TA. After the EIs, 43.6% of patients achieved a "protective" LP, and 38.5% reached "full adherence" in TA (p = 0.00).
Conclusion: Patients who received 7 individualized educational sessions showed significant improvements in self-care practices as measured by LP, as well as notable improvement in TA.
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